| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立台北護理學院 === 生死教育與輔導研究所 === 95 === The purpose of this research is to explore how mothers deal with their grief for the children who died in traffic accidents. This study focused on grief reactions, adjustment strategies, and the factors that affect the process of their reactions and strategies, and the essential experience of their adjustment process were also included. The researcher of this article had tried to use “dual process model” (Stroebe & Schut, 1999) to explain the main structure of this study. In-depth interviews based on phenomenology were applied in this research, and three mothers who lost their children in traffic accidents were interviewed. The results of this research are summarized as follows:
1. Grief reaction
The acts of grief are individually different. Grief reaction doesn’t exist alone by the stages but repeats similar acts back and forth. These reactions include: bad appetite, loosing weight, sleeplessness, denying, feelings of confusion and helplessness, sadness, crying, yearning, blaming the person causing the accident, sighing with emotion about the aloofness in the society.
2. Adjustment Strategy
Planning, solving problems, turning to religion, venting emotionally, accepting, denying, repressing, and isolating psychologically are main issues of adjustment strategies when in grief. Funeral affairs and praying for blessings, worshipping the deceased persons constantly, suing people who caused the accidents, venting emotionally, keeping oneself busy, and focusing on work are practical ways of the strategies.
3. Factors that affect grief reactions and adjustment
There are twenty factors including: 1) the relationship with the deceased person, 2) the situation of death form, 3) previous sad experiences, 4) mental situation of the bereaved one, 5) ages, 6) personalities; 7) cognition, 8) marriage, 9) family, 10) seeing the face of dead, visiting the tomb or grave tower, 11) career and income, 12) how to tell the dead news, 13) the understanding of death, 14) media, 15) races, societies and cultures, 16) religious or folk ceremonies, 17) social support system, 18) the environmental changes and secondary stress, 19) the opportunities for life, 20) the meaning of death and accepting the death or not. In these factors, religions and folk beliefs influenced the survivors so much.
4. Adjustment process of grief
There are six themes of the study results in the adjustment process of the survivors after traffic accidents: 1)catharsis, 2) the connection between dealing with funeral and relativity, 3) deny and depress, 4) feeling the pain, 5) plan and solving the problems, 6) reborn. After exploring the phenomenology, there are individual differences and unique characters in the adjustment process. And “Time” is the best “doctor” or “treatment” to help those people facing the grief, experiencing the grief, and working through the grief. Besides, making a decision to forgive the troublemaker or making the decision not to be affected by the accident anymore that may be help those people who lost their children.
To advise some specific points of view and to offer the reference when those people who are professional experts dealing with grief counseling or social service by the results; moreover, to offer suitable care and assistance. Hope the survivors after traffic accidents not to be the minority group in Taiwan.
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