| Summary: | 博士 === 國立屏東教育大學 === 教育行政研究所 === 96 === A Study on the Relationships among Principal Multi-levels Leadership Styles, Group Dynamics, School Organizational Culture Traits and School Effectiveness in Elementary Schools
Abstract
The study is made with the purpose of investigating multi-levels leadership styles of principals, group dynamics and organizational culture traits of elementary schools are related to the effectiveness of schools. Concretely speaking, the study mainly has the following objectives:
1. To understand the current situations of the multi-levels leadership styles of principals, group dynamics, organizational culture traits of schools and the effectiveness of schools.
2. To analyze the perception difference among the schools of different sizes and historical backgrounds as well as the teachers of the counties and cities concerned over the multi-levels leadership styles of principals, group dynamics, organizational culture traits of schools and the effectiveness of schools.
3. To analyze how the multi-levels leadership styles of principals, group dynamics and organizational culture traits of schools are related to the effectiveness of schools.
4. To investigate how the different combinations and the overall conditions of the multi-levels leadership styles of principals, group dynamics and organizational culture traits of schools are related to the structural equation modeling of school effectiveness.
5. To verify how the multi-levels leadership styles of principals, group dynamics and organizational culture traits of schools are related to the structural equation modeling of school effectiveness.
Mainly adopting the “investigation research method,” the study took the teachers of the national elementary schools located in Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung County and Pingtung County. The research tool was the “Investigation Questionnaire on the Multi-levels Leadership Styles of Principals, Group Dynamics, Organizational Culture Traits and Effectiveness of Elementary Schools” self-edited by the researcher. Adopting stratified judgment sampling, the study sent out 1,215 official questionnaires, with 1,159 questionnaires returned and 1,017 of them being the usable questionnaires, achieving a return rate of official questionnaires at 95.39% and a return rate of usable questionnaires at 87.75%.
The study employed the methods of one-way ANOVA, product-moment and canonical correlations, multiple regress and structural equation modeling analysis to perform the verification of different suppositions. Finally, the following 12 conclusions were drawn by the study:
1. National elementary school teachers generally agree to the operational management effectiveness of their schools.
2. National elementary school principals always use multi-levels leadership styles.
3. Symbolic leaders have higher leadership effectiveness.
4. The schools with “less than 24 classes” have better group dynamics.
5. The schools with “13- 24 classes” have higher school effectiveness.
6. The schools with a history of “11- 30 years” have higher school effectiveness.
7. The schools located in “Kaohsiung City” have higher school effectiveness.
8. The organizational culture traits of schools have close relationship with the effectiveness of schools. It is the main mediating factor for the use of multi-levels leadership styles by principals to enhance the effectiveness of schools.
9. The integrity of the organizational culture traits of schools is the most important factor affecting the effectiveness of schools.
10. The multi-levels leadership styles of principals, group dynamics and organizational culture traits of schools can enhance the effectiveness of schools.
11. Group dynamics and organizational culture traits of schools are the main mediating factors for the use of multi-levels leadership styles by principals to enhance the effectiveness of schools.
12. It has been proved that the multi-levels leadership styles of principles can enhance the effectiveness of schools through group dynamics and organizational culture traits of schools.
Finally, according to the above findings and conclusions, the study proposes the following suggestions for the education administrative institutions, operation leadership of principals and future researches:
1. Suggestions for the education administrative institutions
(1) Encourage the elementary schools to operate the optimal-size empirical researches so as to ensure the enhancement of education quality.
(2) Offer prompt and immediate concerns and provide resources to assist the aging schools in performing transformation and rebirth.
(3) The model, which applies the multi-levels leadership styles of principles to enhance the effectiveness of schools through group dynamics and organizational culture traits of schools, should be promoted so as to strengthen the operational effectiveness of schools.
(4) The organizational culture studies of schools should be planned and modeled so as to deepen the core consciousness of school effectiveness.
2. Suggestions for the operation leadership of principals
(1) Construct high-degree effectiveness for schools by taking group dynamics and organizational culture of schools as the niches.
(2) Strengthen the abilities of effectiveness integration and synthesis, and contrive the integrated cultural traits that are advantageous to the effectiveness of schools.
(3) Learn to play the multi-levels leadership facets, and integrate them to be extensively powerful multi-levels leadership styles.
(4) Guide the aging schools to perform reforms and transformation. Emphasize the mingling of the leadership of principals with the organizational culture of schools.
3. Suggestions for the future researches
(1) Further adopt two-way ANOVA to understand the difference in the interaction among various school environment variables.
(2) Also adopt qualitative and quantitative means of studying to interpret the deep layer of implications and have an in-depth understanding of the real meanings of the problems.
(3) Employ objective quantitative indicators and expand the research targets so as to raise the research value.
(4) Promote the application of structural equation modeling studies so as to acquire the mutually verified results.
Keywords: multi-levels leadership styles, group dynamics, school organizational culture traits, school effectiveness.
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