| Summary: | 碩士 === 南華大學 === 歐洲研究所 === 96 === Marine fisheries resources are offered outside mankind''s daily necessary nutrition source, offer the employment opportunity to mankind even more. As to the coastal state and coastal area, fishery development is direct impact on this countries or regions in economic development. Although there are only nearly 260,000 people are engaged in fishery industry in European Union, and obtain employment population reduces year by year, but there are nearly 60% of the population is engaged in fishery industry, in such as major fishing countries as Spain, Greece and Italy, etc.. Therefore fishery is still a very important part in European Union industry.
The Common Fisheries Policy of the EU, was belonging to the part of the Common Agricultural Policy, because it is natural fishery resources, difficult to control the resources, so that the EU must take on the Common Fisheries Policy. 6 founding members of the EU in 1970 enacted 2 rules, the purpose was to protect the waters of the EU fisheries resources, protection of fishery products and stability of supply and demand, reached the concept of sustainable fisheries. Received the influence of the Third United Nations Conference of the marine in 1976 impact of the EU Member States since 1977, extended exclusive economic zone to 200 nautical miles, and authorized the Commission on behalf of the EU to negotiate with third countries and sign the Fisheries Agreements. After lengthy communication and coordination, until January 1983 the development of fishery resources conservation policy and fisheries management system, reach the concept of the “Blue Europe”, so that Europe has a specific legal system regulate fishing activities in Europe.
Increase with the quantity of the EU member state, scientific and technological advances, changes in consumer habits and impact on the natural environment, the Common Fisheries Policy has not accorded with the era demand yet. So the EU, in order to react under the suggestion of the member state and factor that will expand eastward in 2004, carried on two reforms to the Common Fisheries Policy in 1992 and 2002 separately, examined the disappearance since carried out in 1983 of the Common Fisheries Policy, propose reforming the direction with improving the measure concretely, maintain the stability of the water areas fishery resources of the EU, promote fishing country economic development and maintain the fishing industry development. This study will discuss on the issue on the reason of Common Fisheries Policy developed, 2002 reform, internal policy and foreign policy.
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