| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立嘉義大學 === 農學研究所 === 96 === This study aimed to investigate the variations of yield and agronomic characters of sesame under year-round culture and the influence of temperature on the germination of sesame seeds. Results found were then further used to find out the best planting time for sesame and the influences of storage durations for spring and fall crops on its quality.
Results were summarized as follows：
I.
In the investigation of the year-round culture, the yields and agronomic characters of TN No. 1 were found to have tremendous variations. Those sesame grown on November 15th needed the longest growth day which was 126 and those sesame grown on August 2nd needed the shortest growth day which was 74.7. Those sesame grown on April 2nd needed the shortest bloom-beginning day which was 39.6 and those sesame grown on November 15th and February 15th needed the longest bloom-beginning day which were 53. The plant height for those sesame grown on April 2nd was the highest, 125 cm, and those sesame grown on February 1st was the shortest, 60cm. The capsule beginning height for those sesame grown on February 1st was the shortest, 19 cm, and those sesame grown on June 2nd was the highest, 51.1 cm. The number of capsule per plant for those sesame grown on March 15th was the largest, 64.3, and those sesame grown on July 17th was the smallest, 16.3. The number of mature seeds for those sesame grown on March 15th was the largest, 7,012, and those sesame grown on February 15th was the smallest, 560. The number of immature seeds for those sesame grown on July 3rd was the largest, 1,912, and those sesame grown on February 1st was the smallest, 195. The weight of mature seeds for those sesame grown on March 15th was the heaviest, 21.95 g, and those sesame grown on February 15th was the lightest, 1.42g. The weight of immature seeds for those sesame grown on March 15th was the heaviest, 2.87 g, and those sesame grown on January 2nd was the lightest, 0. 27g.
II.
Each 9cm petri dish with 100 TN No. 1 in it was placed into plant growth chamber to conduct germination experiment. Eight temperatures, which were 10℃, 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, 35℃, 40℃, and 45℃ respectively, were conducted with 3 replications and the investigating period was 6 days. The results indicated the germination rates of the 2nd day reached 100 % both under the temperature of 30℃and 35℃. The average germination day was also the shortest under the temperature of 30℃and 35℃-- it took only 2.0 days. The results indicated temperature had significant influences on the average germination day, germination rates and germination speed.
III.
To investigate the oil quality variations, sesames harvested from spring crop and fall crop were roasted separately with 138 ℃ as clear sesame oil and with 180 ℃ as black sesame oil and then stored for 0, 1, 2 and 3 months respectively. The results indicated storage durations and crops had significant influences on acid values and peroxide values but not on iodine values. The acid values and peroxide values of the sesame oil made from seeds of spring crop were higher than those of the fall crop. Roasting temperature also had significant influence on peroxide value – the one under 138 ℃ was the highest.
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