Using an extended theory of planned behavior to understand influential factors on adolescents' smoking behavior

• Main Author: 徐劭婷
• Other Authors: 張景然
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2008
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66185835758930038176

碩士 === 國立彰化師範大學 === 輔導與諮商學系所 === 96 === Using an Extended Theory of Planned Behavior to Understand Influential Factors on Adolescents’ Smoking Behavior By Shao-Ting Hsu Abstract This study employed an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) to understand influential factors on adolescents’ smoking intentions and smoking behavior. The study collected data by self-report questionnaires “Adolescents’ Smoking Behavior Survey” given to high school students. Excluding the missing data, there were 1,176 subjects. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, chi-square test, one-way MANOVA, two-way ANOVA, multi-way ANOVA, discriminant analysis, the difference of past behavior, family members’ smoking behavior, friends’ smoking behavior. (11) The TPB provided good predictions of both intentions (R2＝0.419; attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavior control significant) and smoking (R2＝0.409; intentions and PBC significant). (12) Past behaviors explained additional variance in both intentions and smoking. Friends’ smoking explained additional variance in smoking. Results of this study can provide following suggestions and serve as a reference of tobacco control tasks on campus, and further research in this field. (1) Popularize and carry out the “Tobacco Prevention ＆ Control Law” and “Children and Juvenile Welfare Law” completely. (2) Promote and thoroughly carry out the non- tobacco campus, strengthen the teacher the model role function of anti- smoking. (3) Direct the attitude towards smoking, strengthen anti- smoking self-efficacy training. (4) Encourage parents not to smoke or to quit smoking. (5)Offer quit-smoking groups and psychological consultation or counseling service to smokers. (6) Future research can extend other variables and make further research to special group or single sex. Keywords：adolescents, attitude, family smoking, friends’ smoking, past behavior, perceived behavior control(PBC), smoking behavior, smoking intentions, subjective norm, theory of planned behavior hierarchical multiple regression and logistic regression. The results of this study showed: (1) 9.5% adolescents have smoking behavior. 4.8% adolescents have the habit of smoking. The percentage of male smokers is higher than that of the female smokers. Besides, the percentage of smoking behavior rises with grade increase. (2) The adolescents’ attitudes towards smoking are generally negative as a whole. The adolescents’ subjective norm for not smoking is relatively higher. The adolescents’PBC of refusing to smoke is relatively higher. Smoking intentions are generally on the low side. (3) Compared to the female adolescents, male adolescents hold positive attitudes towards smoking. The male adolescents’ subjective norm for not smoking is lower, and their PBC of refusing to smoke are lower. (4) In more than 80% adolescents' families, at least one person smokes. Fathers are the first place, accounting for 62.6%; grandfathers take the second place, 25.7%; mothers, 8.9%. (5) More than 70% adolescents’ friends are smoking. Those who choose "only a few of "in the question “How many of your friends smoke?” are the majority, accounting for 55.4%. (6) Adolescents’ smoking intention will be higher if they hold more positive attitudes towards smoking, perceive higher subjective norm for smoking, and have lower PBC of not smoking. (7) The adolescents, who smoked in the past and whose elder brothers have smoking behavior, have higher smoking intentions. (8) The adolescents’ smoking intention will be under the influence of the elder family members of the same sex. Moreover, if one of the parents does not smoke, the children's smoking intentions are relatively lower. (9) The TPB variables and intentions can effectively distinguish adolescents’ smoking behavior. (10) Adolescents’ smoking behavior depend on the difference of past behavior, family members’ smoking behavior, friends’ smoking behavior. (11) The TPB provided good predictions of both intentions (R2＝0.419; attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavior control significant) and smoking (R2＝0.409; intentions and PBC significant). (12) Past behaviors explained additional variance in both intentions and smoking. Friends’ smoking explained additional variance in smoking. Results of this study can provide following suggestions and serve as a reference of tobacco control tasks on campus, and further research in this field. (1) Popularize and carry out the “Tobacco Prevention ＆ Control Law” and “Children and Juvenile Welfare Law” completely. (2) Promote and thoroughly carry out the non- tobacco campus, strengthen the teacher the model role function of anti- smoking. (3) Direct the attitude towards smoking, strengthen anti- smoking self-efficacy training. (4) Encourage parents not to smoke or to quit smoking. (5)Offer quit-smoking groups and psychological consultation or counseling service to smokers. (6) Future research can extend other variables and make further research to special group or single sex. Keywords：adolescents, attitude, family smoking, friends’ smoking, past behavior, perceived behavior control(PBC), smoking behavior, smoking intentions, subjective norm, theory of planned behavior