| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立交通大學 === 環境工程系所 === 96 === In an aged water distribution network (WDN), a significant amount of water is frequently lost due to pipeline leakage. In order to prevent the leakage, delineating a WDN into numerous District Metering Areas (DMAs) is an effective approach for implementing leakage detection tasks. In Taiwan, DMAs were usually divided based on the empirical experiences of related engineers or planners without actually evaluating the leakage potential and connectivity of the DMAs. In this study, the Independent Network Unit (INU) is proposed to simplify a complex WDN and to serve as the smallest unit to form a DMA. The leakage potential of a DMA is evaluated based on a pipe failure rate and three major factors of leakage potentials per unit area, per unit pipe length, and per consumer, respectively. A heuristic procedure is proposed to delineate DMAs. Although the procedure can divide DMAs efficiently, the solution obtained may not be the optimum. An optimization model is thus developed and a Genetic Algorithm (GA) is applied to solve the model. The procedure and the model proposed in this study are intended to provide systematic approaches to delineate DMAs which have high leakage potential.
The Taichung City WDN of the Taiwan Water Corporation is the case study area for demonstrating the applicability of the proposed procedure and model. The procedure was applied to find three DMAs with high leakage potential based on the three aforementioned factors. The results for the leakage potentials per pipe length and per consumer are obviously superior to those for the leakage potential per unit area. The results obtained by the model can delineate DMAs with obviously larger leakage potential and more INUs than those obtained by the heuristic procedure, and subsequently the leakage detection tasks can be effectively implemented.
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