| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立交通大學 === 機械工程系所 === 96 === In Taiwan, the present fire safety code is focus on “prescribed” one. For some special buildings, like gyms, movie theaters and atrium buildings, they are very hard to comply with the standard fire safety code. To solve the difficulty, it needs to apply the”performance-based design method” to ensure the performance of fireproof equipments to maintain the goal of occupant safety.
This research analyzes and evaluates the performance of smoke control system designs and the occupant egress, respectively, by utilizing the verification procedures of performance-based design method and the numerical simulation software, FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) and SIMULEX. The content of this research consists of two cases, which case 1 is an atrium building and case 2 is a movie theater. In case 1, the fire locations and the velocities of exhaust fan are changed to analyze whether the resultant smoke movement (including visibility effect), CO concentration, temperature distribution are harmful to the occupants in egress. It also analyzes the evacuation results when occupants inside the atrium building are subjected to a worst scenario that the rolling fire door, activated by an alarm signal, reaches the floor to close the region. In case 2, the locations of designed fires and vents are changed to analyze and evaluate whether the resultant hazardous conditions affect the audience inside the theater.
At first, FDS is used to simulate the fire scenario to obtain smoke movement, CO concentration and temperature distributions and visibility. After that, a dynamic computer model, SIMULEX, is applied to calculate of the conditions of evacuative occupants and the available evacuation time to justify the safety level of egress. From the simulation results, all the two cases are found to be able to comply with the safety requirements for occupant evacuation. In addition, this research discusses the influence of the smoke height in case 2. The smoke layer depth will be restricted by the height of fire location. When the fire is located at a higher position, the smoke will only fill up the ceiling. On the contrary, when the fire is located at a lower place, the smoke will fully fill up the movie theater that threaten the safety of evacuating people.
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