| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 海洋科技與事務研究所 === 96 === Taiwan is surrounded by the ocean, and its coastline is 1,566 km. It has broad coastal areas and abundant biological and landscape resources in these coastal areas. In addition, Taiwan can be called a oceanic country; however, ocean and ocean administration affairs have not been valued for a long time. In recent years, sensing the significance of ocean and ocean administration affairs, the government has made an “Ocean Policy White Paper” which demonstrated their determination to develop the ocean affairs. Nevertheless, although related units in the government have proposed the problems of the administration of coastal area, the key point lies in the lack of the “execution” of the policy. The policy itself is surely important, but it definitely takes execution to carry it out.
Considering the current framework of coastal area in our country, the administration organization or law and regulation show that there are disorder and too many reporting lines and they lack a powerful implementing organization. These lead to that the authority of these affairs was not centered and each unit did things in their own way and also the government failed to effectively administer the coastal area in our country for a long time. In the revised Organization Act of Executive Yuan, three proposals of administrating ocean and coastal area were proposed which were to establish Ministry of Marine Affairs, Committee on Ocean Policy and Environment Resources Department. Nonetheless, this study regarded that the establishment of Ministry of Marine Affairs may cause flaws in other governmental structures. Is it necessary to set up the Committee on Ocean Policy? It takes careful evaluations in advance.
In recent years, the problems of global environment such as the ever-increasing climate change, global warming and ocean pollution not only destroy and impact the nature and ecology greatly but also cause enormous losses for the human society and economy. The Environment Resources Department administers the power of land planning of lands, coastal area and ocean, and in order to meet the principle of administrative unity, this study therefore suggested to establish an Environment Resources Department. Furthermore, an “Ocean and Atmosphere Administration” should be set under the department; under “Ocean and Atmosphere Administration”, Section of Marine Affairs, Section of Marine Technology, Section of Marine Monitor, Section of Weather Forecast, and Section of Earthquake should be set up. In addition, under “Ocean and Atmosphere Administration” 5 bureaus should be set up including Ocean Administration Bureau, Coast dministration Bureau, Marine Monitor Bureau, Marine Measurement Bureau and Weather Bureau in order to integrate the planning and administration of affairs of ocean and coastal area and to make it become a responsible authority of marine technology and affairs. Moreover, the coastal area administration authority should be established under the local government. The central government should establish an administration plan and adjust it according to local natural environment and geographic characteristics in order to achieve the purpose of joint administration of coastal area of central and local governments.
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