| Summary: | 博士 === 國立成功大學 === 生命科學系碩博士班 === 96 === The primary fresh water family Cyprinidae represents the richest and diversification ichthyofauna in Taiwan and South China. Cyprinid fishes dwelling in island-like habitats provide an ideal model for phylogeographical studies. The present and historical connections among rivers are the basis of the interpretation of the observed genetic relationships among populations. We examined the phylogeographic structure of eight cyprinid fishes, including Ahyocypris kikuchii, Pararasbora moltrechti, Spinibarbus hollandi, Sinibrama macrops, Onychostoma barbatulus, Onychostoma alticorpus, Zacco platypus, in Taiwan and South China based on the molecular variation of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b and D-loop gene. We analyzed 1022 individuals of 83 populations collected from 41 rivers, including 41 populations of 19 drainages in South China and 42 populations of 22 drainages in Taiwan. Our study supports that Central Mountain Range, Taoyuan Plateau, Miao-li Plateau and Formosa Bank may have been important geological barriers in Taiwan. According to the geological barriers, we identified four major geographical regions in Taiwan: (1) Lanyang-Danshuei group, (2) Touchien- Houlung group, (3) Central group, and (4) southeastern group. The NanLing Mountain and YunKai Mountain may have been important geological barriers in South China, and identified five major geographical regions, including (1) Yangtze- Pearl river group, (2) Zhejiang group, (3) Fujian group, (4) Eastern Guangdong group, (5) Hainan group. Our study hypothesized there are two migration routes in freshwater fish in Taiwan. The North Route migrated from ZheMin region in mainland China to Touchien- Houlung region in Taiwan and the South Route migrated from Jiulongjiang region to the south region of Miao-li Plateau in Taiwan. The higher genetic diversity and no significant population expansion of the freshwater fish populations distributed in mainland China. There are larger population size and deme size in mainland China as the major reason.
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