| Summary: | 碩士 === 逢甲大學 === 建築所 === 96 === The three-section compound building pattern, besides meaningful for Chinese people in terms of tradition, culture and religion, maybe has its underlying scientific theoretical basis and certainly carries the Chinese compound building intelligence. By far, besides known intelligence, there are some undefined blind spots that need to be clarified. For example, what is the purpose of the three-section compound layout? Is the south facing location that is considered imperial by people in Mainland China and Taiwan always the best? Are there any advantages with other facing directions? What is the direction and pattern suitable for three-section compounds in Taiwan? What is the seasonal influence on compounds facing in different directions? There have not been definite explanations to these questions so far.
We know that in natural conditions, Taiwan has distinct four seasons, spring, summer, fall, and winter. Moreover, from a series of studies we also know that the climate varies significantly in the northern, central, and southern parts of Taiwan. The topography, terrain, and geography are also different because we have urban, rural, mountain areas, and fisherman’s villages. The diversified demographic structure results in various building patterns. The building pattern for each population carries a different meaning and hence cannot be measured with single standards.
Among regional building patterns in Taiwan, besides aboriginal buildings, can three-section compounds, one of the multiple section compound structures originated from China be called a regional building in Taiwan? Are they like aboriginal buildings that go with the nature, utilize the nature and respect the nature and represent the building intelligence of the residents? If the traditional three-section compounds meet local characteristics of Taiwan, (1) why are they configured in this way? (2) How do they correspond to the conditions in spring, summer, fall, and winter? (3) What is the seasonal influence on different sitting and facing directions? Which facing direction or pattern suits three-section compounds in Taiwan the best? (4) Is there also such a saying that structurally it has to be warm in winter and cool in summer? If it meets the requirement of warm in winter and cool in summer, which time point and space does it refer do?
This study is aimed at discovering ancestors’ intelligence in going with regional characteristics by analyzing traditional regional building characteristics that sit in the north and face south and transform to modern design skills to meet the most fundamental and comfortable life demand.
From the above perspectives and content, we come up with the following conclusion:
What does “warm in winter and cool in summer” encompass with analysis of living temperature characteristics in all space in August and February?
Cool in summer – The August analysis shows that high temperature of brick three-section compounds mainly occur in the north-south center lobby (A3) and right (R1) and left (L3) east-west studios. Low temperature mainly occurs in the north-south center lobby (A3) and right east-west bedroom (R2).
Warm in winter – The February analysis shows that under cold exterior temperature, high temperature inside brick three-section compounds mainly occurs in the left east-west kitchen (L2), living room (L3) and north-south center lobby (A3) while low temperature mainly occurs in north-south center to the left bedroom (A4), right east-west bedroom (R2) and center to the right bedroom.
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