Preparation of activated carbon from Moso bamboo by chemical activation with KOH and H3PO4

• Main Authors: An-Tung Tsai, 蔡安東
• Other Authors: Wen-Chang Liaw
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2007
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76039398937574887302

碩士 === 國立雲林科技大學 === 化學工程與材料工程研究所 === 95 === This paper reports the quality of activated carbon manufactured from 3 to 5 years old Moso bamboo (Phyllostachysheterocycla). Upon harvesting, bamboo culms were separated into basalsections (ground level to 2.5 m), mid sections (2.5 m to 4.9 m) and topsections (4.9 m to 7.3 m). Mid sections of moisture is about 45%. In this study, Moso bamboo was used as the precursor for activated carbon preparation. The preparation process consisted of potassium hydroxide and phosphoric acid impregnation at different impregnation ratio followed by carbonization at 500-800 °C for 60-120 min. Activated carbon was analyzed for Methylene blue Number, Iodine Number Brunauer -Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, and pore surface area, pore volume, surface function group, PH value, and SEM micrographs. It is concluded that the best carbonization conditions for Moso bamboo were 800℃(KOH) ,500℃(H3PO4), and 120 min. The best conditions for obtaining activated carbon were 800℃, KOH impregnation ratio 250%, and a 120 minutes carbonization time. The activated carbon obtained under these conditions had 2533.64 m2 /g for BET surface area, 1879.63 m2 /g for micro-pore surface area, and 0.9462 cm3/g for micro-pore volume. The best conditions for obtaining activated carbon were 500℃, H3PO4 impregnation ratio 150%, and a 120 minutes carbonization time. The activated carbon obtained under these conditions had 1579.83 m2 /g for BET surface area, 895.36 m2 /g for micro-pore surface area, and 0.7314 cm3/g for micro-pore volume. In addition, based on the relationships established and when the Methylene Blue Number and Iodine Number falls between 20 mg/g to 300 mg/g and 800 mg/g to 1300 mg/g, the BET surface area, micro pore surface area, and micro pore volume can be estimated from the Methyl Blue Number and Iodine Number. An SEM study showed that carbons produced from KOH activation have a more compact surface than H3PO4 activation. The FTIR analysis identified the presence of C=O,C=C,-CH,-CH3,-CH2 and–OH on the surface of carbons.