| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立陽明大學 === 口腔生物研究所 === 95 === Areca quid (AQ) chewing is associated with many oral diseases, such as periodontal disease, oral leukoplakia, and oral cancer. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) can migrate from blood to gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and execute non-specific defense. Prostaglandins (PGs) are synthesized via the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a cytokine and chemotactic factor secreted by activated PMNs. Areca nut extract (ANE), the main component of AQ, enhances the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and intracellular calcium.
The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of ANE on the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and IL-8 by PMNs, and to study the potential role of intracellular calcium ions, MAPK and COX-2 pathway involved in the effects of ANE.
PMNs isolated from peripheral blood of healthy volunteers were treated with various concentrations of ANE in HBSS/Ca2+ or HBSS for 8 hours. The effects of ANE on granularity, size, and the viability of PMNs were determined by flow cytometer after propidium iodide (PI) staining. In addition, the cell supernatants after ANE treatment were collected. The amounts of PGE2 and IL-8 in culture supernatants were messured using immunoassays. The effects of intracellular calcium chelator (BAPTA-AM), the p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580), the ERK MAPK inhibitor (U0126), and the COX-2 inhibitor (NS398) were also examined.
The results showed that ANE significantly increased the secretion of PGE2 and IL-8 by PMNs in HBSS/Ca2+. In addition, after pretreated with the intracellular calcium chelator, the p38 MAPK inhibitor, the ERK MAPK inhibitor, and the COX-2 inhibitor, the inductions of PGE2 and IL-8 by ANE were inhibited.
In conclusion, the results in this study showed that ANE induced secretion of PGE2 and IL-8 by PMNs, The inducible effects of ANE may be due to the increase of the intracellular calcium. Moreover, p38 and ERK MAPK may play a role in the regulation of ANE-induced PGE2 and IL-8 production. The results might help to explain the influences of AQ chewing on oral health.
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