The Privatization of Chile''s Public Enterprises

• Main Authors: Li-Yuan Huang, 黃立元
• Other Authors: Tung-Chieh Tsai
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2007
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02469895224270446049

碩士 === 淡江大學 === 拉丁美洲研究所碩士班 === 95 === Since 1950, in order to catch up with developed nations those nations underdeveloped focused most on the way to improve competitiveness by the pattern state-led, stressed the importance of a role of government during economic development, for the reason, public enterprises were built for this strategic purpose. Nevertheless, pubic enterprises were got into scrapes due to inefficient or low productivity which have all been made through the excessive protection of government, the intervention of government has made the market losing the mechanism to control and adjust itself. Against the economic stagnation and incitation of Neo-liberalism in the meantime, every country tended to shift their strategy to deregulation and reform the public enterprises. The most important policy in public enterprises reform is privatization, which has been improved by the UK premier Thatcher who has ever carried out series of programs to innovate public enterprises. In order to attract foreign direct investment to upgrade economic development and solve the problem of external debt, most nations underdeveloped regarded privatization as a panacea to turn over a declining tendency. In the meantime, Latin-America have been twice attacked by crises of petroleum and the overburdening of external debt, every nation were desirous to increase productivity and shift industry structure by conducting a mechanism of free competition and market regulation. Chile has launched privatizing measures of public enterprises during the regime of general Pinochet, this policy started since 1973 and in each phase there were various goals like emphasizing the reward of revenue or decentralizing source of shareowners to the enforcement of management and competition improvement. In the beginning of Chile’s privatization there existed several defects to limit an achievement of efficiency such as monopoly of privatizing companies, but Chile’s governor adjusted gradually their policy, paid more attention on the interaction of privatizing strategy and the framework of management, let non-governmental sectors contribute greatly in this field, all that eventually made Chile become a successful model of privatization in Latin-America.