| Summary: | 碩士 === 靜宜大學 === 食品營養研究所 === 95 === Granule Chlorella is a commercial product that exhibits several biofunctions. In this study, we investigated the radical-scavenging effect of water extracts from the granule Chlorella products (GPW). Then, we studied the effects of GPW on the growth and apoptosis induction of mice leukemia cell lines (WEHI-3 cells). Subsequently, the effects of GPW on WEHI-3/BALB/c mice were examined. The results demonstrated that GPW had α,α-diphenyl-β-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) , 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfomic acid) (ABTS) radical-scavenging activity and this activity is a dose-dependent manner. In the WEHI-3 cells model, the results indicated that GPW decreased viable cell numbers in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The results from Western blotting indicated that GPW promoted p16, p21, p27 and p53 levels, decreased cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2 and 6 activity, cyclin D and cyclin E that led to G0/G1 -phase arrest. GPW committed WEHI-3 cells to apoptosis by the activation of GRP 78, GADD 153 and caspase 12 cascade and a detectable increase in the Ca2+ releasing then led to decrease levels of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δ m) . GPW decreased the levels of Δ m accompany with the release of cytochrome c that was due to the increase levels of Bax and Bid. The results also clearly showed that GPW induced apoptosis through the induction of AIF. GPW promoted apoptosis with increasing activation of caspase 3, and 9 and enhanced poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Alteration of these key anti- and pro-apoptotic proteins could contribute to the GPW -induced WEHI-3 apoptosis through the activation of mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In the WEHI-3/BALB/c leukemia mice model, the animals were induced by injecting marine WEHI-3 cells and allowed 10 days to develop leukemia. The testing groups including control group (A) , WEHI-3 induced group (B) , WEHI-3+GPW-10d group (C) , GPW-10d group (D) , WEHI-3+GPW-30d group (E) , and GPW-30d group (F) , the GPW dissolved with normal saline at a dose of 35 mg/100g BW. The results indicated that GPW can decrease the weight of spleen. In addition, GPW pre-treatment can increase the plasma trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and inhibit the leukemia-induced lipid peroxidation in liver by preventing the decrease of glutathione contents, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase activity. GPW also increased the glutathione contents, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activity of spleen in WEHI-3/BALB/c mice. Collectively, these results suggest that GPW may have the antileukemia possibility and exert the antioxidative activity in vivo that may be used as a potential chmeopreventive agent.
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