A Study on the Improvement of Smoke Control Performance of Fire Doors in Stairwell Compartments

• Main Authors: Jian-Jyun Li, 李建均
• Other Authors: Ching-Yuan Lin
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2007
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00950242903813768747

碩士 === 國立臺灣科技大學 === 建築系 === 95 === When fires occur in buildings, the most common lethal reason is often smoke. In order to ensure the safety of vertical escape routes, the smoke separation of fire escapes seems especially important. This study conducts investigative analysis on fire escape area designation in office buildings in Taipei City with more than 6 floors and less than 14 floors, and uses the “The Experimentation of Detecting Shelter Performance across Building Opening Assemblies in Ambient Temperature” to develop a testing device. The device is used to conduct testing and comparative analysis on existing fire doors in fire escape areas of buildings, in terms of improvement on their gaps under doors, special labyrinth design, and door gaps baffle materials. Research results show: 1.In investigating the fire doors separating from fire escapes in Taipei office buildings, it was found that, 100% of Emergency ExitKeep Closed, there is only a 60% close rate, and gaps under doors are between 0.8~3.5cm. 2.The leakage of existing fire doors are 2.6 m3/(min*m2) at 20 Pa, and this requires improvement. Tests find that door gaps flow coefficient is between 0.27~0.41. 3.For each item of improvement, leakage decreased as follows: improvement of gap under doors, gaps of 0cm produce 69.14%; gaps of 1cm produce 39.84%; gaps of 2cm produce 16.81%; gaps of 3cm produce 2.81%. In design of special labyrinth, the best resulted in 7.10%. In design of baffle materials, adhesive threshold seal produced 19.42%; brush strip seal produced 53.01%; rubber sealing strip produced 21.10%; combined use of rubber sealing strip and brush strip seal produced 92.51%. 4.After using rubber sealing strip and brush strip seal, leakage at 20 Pa improved to 0.14 m3/(min*m2), which conforms to the standards of CNS 11227 and CNS 15038. 5.For closed gaps under doors of improvement, leakage decreased as follows: Improvement is better for rubber sealing strip produce 70.83% than for special labyrinth produce 46.11%. 6.Improvement on the same door gaps areas under doors; softness and hardness of the baffle material result in different leakage levels. When there is high pressure, soft materials tend to change shape, resulting in an increase of leakage.