Production Improvement of Six Paphiopedilums

• Main Authors: Chuing-Ying Wang, 王瓊瑩
• Other Authors: Chi-Ning Chang
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2007
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11718551213443886631

碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 園藝學研究所 === 95 === The seedling cultivations of slipper orchids in Taiwan still have some problems to overcome, namely, the low survival and slow growth rates and take some years for flowering. Micropropageted six cultivars of slipper orchids Paphiopedilum were grown by different planting density and humidity, Rhizactonia spp. inoculation or/and applied with plant growth substance (PGS) ex vitro, in order to solve the industrial problems. Low density and high density planting with cover treatments on seedlings of Paphiopedilum after ex vitro growth for 4 months were compared. Results showed that group planting (planted 5 seedlings in one pot ) enhanced the survival rate of Paph. Hsinying Makrow × Supersuk ‘Knerr’ and the growth of Paph. Magic Cherry‘#12’ × Hsinying Web ‘#24’. The same group planting treatments after one year increased fresh weight. It showed that group planting could improve the growth of Paphiopedilum in seedling stage. Scanning electron microscopical observation revealed that epidermis of Paphiopedilum seedlings were influenced by humidity. The stomata size of Paph. Magic Cherry‘#12’ × Hsinying Web ‘#24’ with covered treatments were larger than those of uncovered treatments. The stomata pore of low density with uncovered treatment was bigger than the high density with covered treatments. . After inoculating one of five Rhizoctonia orchid mycorrhizal fungi (R02、R04、R16、R17、R18) with Paphiopedilum seedlings for 8 months, the growth of Paph. Hsinying Makrow × Supersuk ‘Knerr’ was nonsignificant and Paph. Magic Cherry‘#12’ × Hsinying Web ‘#24’ inoculated with R04 from could enhance the growth response. Using plant growth substance (PGS) on seedling stage improved the development of Paphiopedilum, e.g. applied with Lysine #3 and Aminosong solution could accelerate the growth rate. Inoculation with R02 or R18, also applied with choline chloride and inositol solution for 4 months, Paphiopedilum Alma Gavaert ‘Goto’× Maudiae ‘Silverado’ inoculated with R02 or applied with PGS and Paph. Alma Gavaert ‘HB’ × Janet Kunkle ‘Grace Hsingying’ inoculated with R18 or applied with PGS could promote the roots development. Spraying GA3 1、3 or 5 mg/L and BA 10、30、50 mg/L on Paph. Maudiae type and Paph. delenatii showed that inoculated with Rhizactonia spp. or sprayed with GA3 or BA solution could not increase spiking rate, but there were some abnormal flowers with GA3 treatment formed. But applied with BA on Paph. Maudiae type was beneficial to improve flower quality. Investigating the relationship between total leaf area and spiking rate of Paphiopedilum showed that the total leaf area of Paph. delenatii reached 200 cm2 would cause 100% of flower stalk emergence. This suggested that the seedlings of Paphiopedilum after ex vitro could plant five seedlings in one pot to enhance the survival rate until they were big enough, such as Paph. Hsinying Makurow × Supersulk ‘Knerr’and Paph. Magic Cherry ‘#12’ × Hsinying Web ‘#24’ covered for one year, then the covered plastic bags should be taken off. Applied with Lysine #3 and Aminosong solution on Paph. Hsinying Makurow × Supersulk ‘Knerr’ and inoculated with R04 or only applied with Lysine #3 and Aminosong solution on Paph. Magic Cherry ‘#12’ × Hsinying Web ‘#24’ could enhance the vegetative growth. Paph. Alma Gavaert ‘Goto’× Maudiae ‘Silverado’ inoculated with R02 or applied with choline chloride and inositol solution and Paph. Alma Gavaert ‘HB’ × Janet Kunkle ‘Grace Hsingying’ inoculated with R18 or applied with CC + I could promote the root development. The spiking rate of Paph. Maudiae type started from October to April and Paph. delenatii spiked on April. It was suggested that temperature or photoperiod should be tested, in order to understand the genetic pathways that control flowering time of Paphiopedilum orchids.