| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣師範大學 === 體育學系在職進修碩士班 === 95 === Biomechanical Analysis of Starts by College and Senior High Male Sprinters
June 2007 Postgraduate: Shu-Yin Chen; Adviser: Shuh-Yuan Hsu
Abstract
Based on the principles of biomechanics, this study explores the differences among the parameters about the start and the fist and second steps following the start by the college and senior high male sprinters. The findings shall be the reference for the training methods adopted by coaches to athletes. Five senior high male athletes and five college ones are the subjects. Averagely, the senior high male athletes are 173.6±2.7 cm (height), 61.4±4.4 kg (weight), and 15.8±1.1 years old (age), while the college male athletes are 174.2±3.2 cm (height), 67.6±3.2 kg (weight), and 21.4±0.9 years old (age). The experiment is conducted with a Redlake high-speed digital camera, a set of unidirectional dynamometers, and the Kwon3D software. The analysis employs the t-test of independent samples and the Pearson product-moment correlation, the calculation adopts the statistical software, SPSS12.0, and α= .05 is the level of significance. The findings and the conclusion are in the three following points:
（四） In the experiment, the senior high athletes have greater trunk angles at the commencing position and greater horizontal displacements of the start cg (center of gravity). At the start, college athletes re-act faster and have greater front and back hip joints at the commencing position, greater vertical displacements of cg at the second step, faster vertical speeds of the landing cg at the first and second steps, and higher heights of the landing cg at the second step.
（五） In dynamics, the college athletes have the greater maximum counterforce of forefeet. The senior high athletes have the greater total impulse of back feet (times the weight). For the two sets of subjects, the maximum counterforce is greater at the forefoot than at the back foot.
（六） The horizontal and vertical speeds and resultant velocity of cg at the start do not reach the level of significance. The maximum counterforce at the front and back hip joints, the front and back knee joints, the trunk angle, and the forefeet and back feet do not, either, and neither does the total impulse at the forefeet. Nevertheless, the relation between the horizontal speed of cg and the total impulse (times the weight) of back feet is quite significant (r＝.66).
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