A prospective study of dietary intake and growth development for 0-2 year old infants and toddlers in Taipei

• Main Author: 林家慧
• Other Authors: 盧立卿
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2006
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03573553326748109911

碩士 === 國立臺灣師範大學 === 人類發展與家庭學系 === 95 === This study was to examine dietary intakes and growth of infants and toddlers of a prospective follow-up study in Taiwan. We recruited 151 pregnant women from Taipei Municipal Women’s and Children’s Hospital between Feb 2003 and July 2005 and collected related information for growth and nutritional status of their babies (at birth, n=130) until 2 years old (n=111). With comparison to data at birth, the participating infants and toddlers showed the average weight, height and head circumference were between 50th and 75th percentiles on published growth curve in Taiwan. Furthermore, with comparison to the results of Taiwan Birth Cohort Study (n=1620) from Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health, showed our subjects were within 2 SD of Z-score for means of weight and height. It confirms our sample population is representative. Information including nutrient intakes by 24 hours recalls, dietary history, development and health status was obtained by telephone interviews. We collected diet and health information monthly before 1 year old. Moreover, additional nutrition, health and family information were collected every six month after 1 year old. In addition, we conducted a pilot methodology study to estimate the breast milk consumption. We recruited 6 breastfed mothers from announcement on Breastfeeding Association of Taiwan website. During test weighting, infants are weighted before and after each feeding and mothers recorded the weight changes. Our results were similar to the published data from the Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (FITS) in U.S.A. For exclusively breastfed infants under 7 months of age, we estimated an intake of 780mL of breast milk per day, and for infants 7 months of age and older, we used 600mL. The statistical analyses including frequency distribution, the mean and standard deviation, T-test, correlation analysis, multiple regressions and GEE model were performed by SPSS version 11.0 and STATA 8.0. There were 40.0%, 23.1%, 21.3% and 12.0% of subjects exclusively fed by breast milk, as well as 28.5%, 65.4%, 76.2% and 83.8% of infants and toddlers exclusively fed by formula at 1st 、6th 、12th and 18th month, respectively. The percentages of carbohydrate and protein intakes of total energy increased with age and fat intake was reduced with age. The percentages of energy were 19.1%, 45.2%, 64.0% and 75.1% from adult-style foods in 6, 12, 18 and 24 months, showing that toddlers at age 2 had changed into adult-style diet progressively. From growth analyses, the weights at age 18 and 24 months had significantly positive relationships (p<0.05) with mother’s weight; height at age of 18 and 24 months had significantly positive relationships (p<0.05) with both parents’ weight and height. By partial correlation analysis, toddler’s weight at 24 th month had more positive correlations with nutrients intakes at 6 th and 24 th month (p<0.05), toddler’s length at 24 th month had more positive correlations with nutrients intakes at 6 th month (p<0.05). For the adult-style diet, the height at 18th and 24th month had a positive correlation (p<0.05) with Iron intake. Regarding the health status between 1 to 2 years old, the duration of breast-feeding showed a negative correlation with the frequency of illness (p<0.05), and iron intake showed a positive correlation with the frequency of illness (p<0.05). By multiple regression analysis, energy intake per kg of body weight (kcal/kg), riboflavin intake, animal protein intake and plant protein intake at 24th month, riboflavin intake at 12th month, mothers’ pre-pregnancy BMI, were positively correlated with body weight at two years old (p<0.05) and weight development from 1 to 2 years old. Body weight at one year old was positively correlated with weight at two years old (p<0.05), and was negatively correlated with weight development from 1 to 2 years old (p<0.05). Animal protein intake was the best predictor of body weight at two year old and weight development from 1 to 2 years old. Weight development from 1 to 2 years and iron intake at 24th month were positively correlated with height at two years old (p<0.05) and height development from 1 to 2 years old. Height at one year old was positively correlated with height at two years old (p<0.05), and was negatively correlated with height development from 1 to 2 years old (p<0.05). Iron intake was the best predictor of height at two years old and height development from 1 to 2 years old. In conclusion, our study described in detail that dietary intake and growth development from birth to two years old infants and toddlers. In addition to the effects of mothers’ pre-pregnancy BMI and fathers’ BMI, among dietary factors, animal protein intake was the best predictor of body weight at two years old and weight development from 1 to 2 years old, and iron intake was the best predictor of height at two years old and the height development from 1 to 2 years old.