| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺南大學 === 音樂教育學系碩士班 === 95 === The purpose of this study is to investigate music preference and the effects of physiological response of listening to classical music among the elderly in Tainan Area. The study is divided into two phases. In order to realize the music preference, and the relationships between music preference and demographic variables of the elderly in Tainan, 158 subjects were collected via snowball sampling process in the first phase. “The set of music preference survey” was applied as the tool. It contains the music preference scale, music CD with 24 excerpts and personal information questionnaire. In the 2nd phase, two sets were applied simultaneously. “The set of classical music preference response measuring”, which includes CRDI, 4 excerpts of classical music, notebook and earphone, was applied to collect the values of preference responses. And the physiological values were measured by using “The set of physiological response measuring”, which includes blood pressure monitor and finger temperature monitor. 30 subjects were randomly selected from the group who liked classical music most and the group disliked it most in the first phase, 15 subjects
from each group.
The results are listed as following:
I. Music category preference of the elderly
A. The elderly in Tainan like popular music most and the degree of preference is
highly identical.
B. The elderly in Tainan dislike world music most.
II. The relationship between the music preference and demographic variables of the elderly
A. Gender of the elderly in Tainan reveals different preference. Males prefer Taiwanese music, and females prefer classical music.
B. Social economic status of the elderly in Tainan reveals different preference. The higher social statuses of elderly prefer classical music; the lower social statues of elderly preferred popular and Taiwanese music.
A. Music experiences of the elderly in Tainan reveals different preference. The elderly who had music training experience prefer classical music; the elderly who have been participating in music activities actively prefer popular music.
II. Music preference response of the elderly when listening to Classical music
A. When listening to classical music selections, they prefer instrumental music and have higher preference by repeated listening.
B. The elderly prefer louder dynamics, dense texture, intense rhythm, faster tempo, the vital music.
III. The physiological responses of the elderly when listening to classical music
A. There are no significant differences after listening to the classical music.
B. When listening to the instrumental music and listening Mozart and Haydn selections in this study repeatedly, the finger surface temperature would raise.
C. When listening to classical music, there is significant correlation between the finger surface temperature and the values of preference response.
According to the results of this study, the researcher proposes suggestions for music material choices about curriculum, medical treatment of the elderly: The popular music belonging to the age of the elderly is the first choice. In addition, classical music and Taiwanese music can also be included depending on their social economic statuses or music training background. About the elements of music, the elderly would feel youthful by listening to vital music. When choosing classical music, the instrumental music would be a good introduction; the vocal pieces with slower tempo, soft melody are also the music materials for relaxing. Furthermore, there is still a changeable and positive space for preference of the elderly; therefore, we can try to choose different music, giving them diversified hearing. The researcher also suggests that the scope, number of subject, and age can be extended in future study; qualitative research added; the music variables focused, in order to identify the closer message between music and physiological responses.
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