Functional activities and safety of Antrodia camphorata

• Main Authors: Chin-Chu Chen, 陳勁初
• Other Authors: Tzong-Hsiung Hseu
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2006
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99360900326762952765

博士 === 國立清華大學 === 生命科學系 === 95 === Antrodia camphorata (Chan-Ku) is a new and exclusive fungus parasitic on the inner wall of the heart wood of endemic evergreen Cinnamomun kanehirai Hay in Taiwan. It has been utilized as traditional herb for the treatment of food and drug intoxications, diarrhea, abnormal pains, hypertension and liver cancer. A. camphorata could grow on the simple saw-dust agars no matter from Cinnamomum kanehirae or Cinnamomum subavenium, and that is dosage dependent. Saw-dust from C. kanehirae also could promote the growth rate of A. camphorata on PDA. Some promoting ingredients are water soluble, but some are solube in alcohol or ethyl acetate. Some major components of essential oil from C. kanehirae such as 4-terpineol, α-terpineol, safrole and camphor would inhibit the growth of several mushroom at lower concentration, but would make A. camphorata grow better at the same concentration. It is therefore assumed that the host specificity of A. camphorata is due to the selective inhibition of C. kanehirae essential oil. Solid culture of its fruit body is still difficult, so submerged culture was developed at 50 Ton scale in a 50 rpm agitation, 0.5 vvm aeration, 25℃ condition. Whole broth turned into redness at 8th day after 1 % inoculating was concentrated at 55℃ and lyophilized. The product is proven as safe after evaluation in Ames test, in vitro and in vivo chromosomal damage in mammalian cell, 1-day, 28-day, 90-day feeding toxicity and teratogenicity studies. It also could increase NK cell cytotoxicity of BALB/C mice at double suggested dose after 9 week feeding. IL-2 & INF-γ secretion of spleen cell also could be enhanced even at half dose of suggestion but that of IL-5 be inhibited. After stimulated with ova, IL-2 & INF-γ were enhanced at suggested dose and even at half of the dose, lyophilized A.camphorata broth still could inhibit IL-4 secretion. The volatile components from the fruiting bodies, the liquid cultured broth of Antrodia camphorata, and Cinnamomum kanehirae wood were separately isolated by steam distillation-solvent extraction and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In the fruiting bodies, a COX-2 inhibitor 2, 4, 5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (TMBA) was found to be the most abundant constituent, but was totally absent in its cultured broth and its natural host, C. kanehirae wood. On feeding with the acid-digested sawdust of C. kanehirae wood or vanillin to the broth for culture, TMBA was produced in both cultured broths.