Survey on biodiversity in ecological ponds at ten elementary school campuses in Hsinchu City, Taiwan

• Main Authors: Pei-Wen Tzeng, 曾佩雯
• Other Authors: Wen-Feng Hsiao, Ph. D.
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2007
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21079009694687282354

碩士 === 國立嘉義大學 === 生物資源學系研究所 === 95 === In order to understand the role that ecological pond has played, 10 elementary schools in Hsinchu city have been selected as sampling sites for investigating the percentage plant canopy covered monthly for each pond, and numbers of aquatic and terrestrial organisms that were sampled by sweeping and hand collecting at the periphery of the ponds and underwater. The sampling period was started from November, 2004 to April, 2006. A total of 8 classes, 2 subclasses, 14 orders, 3 suborders, 30 families and 27,960 organisms were captured. Since the campus ecological ponds are man-made and the most of aquatic animals were not naturally occurred but released by human beings. A reproduction phenomenon in wild was expected to be observed through this study, and it might be able to form a simple food chain. The results showed that not only artificially released species but also naturally occurring species immigrated into and multiplied in the ponds and those species could be suggested as good indicators for the quality of the water. Being a large insect, which is easier for school children to observe, Odonada is a primary consumer and a common species in fresh water ecosystem. Its adults and naiad are generally considered as a good indicator in aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, the interaction between the numbers of Odonada and environment factors was discussed. The plant canopy coverage was studied based on its relationship with water quality and plant growth. Meanwhile, impact on the population growth of aquatic organisms was also studied. Our surveys were able to provide some data for the schools as a background information for the maintenance and management of the ponds to meet ecology independent equilibrium and to save manpower and resource. As the sweeping sampling, surveys were conducted for a total of 15 months from 2004 November to 2006 January, and 12 orders, 115 families, 2107 of terrestrial insects and 10 families of spiders, 186 specimens were totaling captured. Among insects collected, Diptera had the highest percentage in insect fauna followed by the Hymenoptera. Oxyopidae had the highest numbers in spider fauna, following in order of Thomisidae, Araneidae and Linyphiidae. Ambient temperature and plant canopy were two important factors affecting insect and spider populations.