| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中央大學 === 歷史研究所 === 95 === In early 1972, Chiang Ching-kuo, who had just become the minister of Executive Yuan, Republic of China (Taiwan), started to promote the “ Policy of Localization.” Apart from the National Development Seminar, Zhong-Shan Scholarship, and recruiting excellent Taiwanese personnel for it’s administrative team, the government also started to increase the quota for civil service positions and local autonomous elections. Due to the international circumstances and the gradual rise of local people''s democratic awareness, we can understand that Chiang Ching-kuo had to co-operate with Taiwanese elite so as to continue KMT''s regime in Taiwan.
On the 20th of May,1978, Chiang Ching-kuo was elected to be the sixth president of the R.O.C (Taiwan). At the same time,Hsieh Tung-Min was elected as the sixth vice president, making him the first Taiwanese-born person in history to attain such a high position within R.O.C (Taiwan) government.However, at the same time the R.O.C (Taiwan) government was becoming more and more isolated in the international community,and domestically people were also starting to question the legitimacy of the KMT. In the midst of changing eras, societies and trends, Chiang Ching-kuo aggressively pushed the localization policy. But how would he push a policy that in fact went against his own stance? All the decisions would challenge his intended future direction for the KMT government in Taiwan.
This article will present research resnlts and an analysis regarding this issue. First of all, it will discuss Chiang Ching-kuo ''s character, style of working, family upbringing and the education he received in Russia, followed by his political experiences in Taiwan and mainland China, as well as the way he recruited people and coped with affairs. Furthermore, the article will compare the conditions between mainland Chinese-born and Taiwanese-born residents starting form the Recession of Taiwan and the time when the KMT government took over Taiwan. Moreover, it will discuss the feasibility of the localization policy launched in Taiwan by the KMT government from an US perspective,as well as the policy’s necessity under the domestic changes that occured before and after the death of Chiang Kai-Shek. Finally, based on the time periods during which Chiang Ching-kuo was the minister of the Executive Yuan, Republic of China (Taiwan) and president, this article aims to prove the necessity and impact of the localization policy by viewing the increase rate of local personnel in each election, as well as provincial and central government, bureaus and the Central Standing Committee.
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