| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 歷史學系碩博士班 === 95 === This dissertation is aimed at the medical prophylaxis and treatment against malaria during the time when Japan colonized Taiwan. This is to understand the development of medical research and of the prophylactic organization on malaria. Furthermore, it will inquire into the relationship between medical research and colonial policy in Taiwan, therewith analyze its significance for the prophylaxis and treatment.
Apart from the first chapter as an introduction and the fifth as a conclusion, the main arguments are divided into three parts. The second chapter will deal with the hygienic condition of the pre-colonized Taiwan as well as the impact the semi-tropical diseases brought upon the Japanese colonial administration. It will explain the great loss Japanese army suffered on account of malaria in its two invasions so that it can reveal how the external invaders could not adjust themselves to the endemic diseases and, with this, can analyze the dilemma the early governors found themselves in with their medical policy regarding endemic diseases.
The second chapter explores the development of the medical research on malaria. It was only in 1899 that Dr. Patrick Manson proved that malaria was transmitted by malaria mosquitoes (anopheles). Then governors then started in haste a program of research and investigation into this disease. The chief of civil administration Goto Shimpei, because of his medical background, set up research institutes on endemic diseases after assuming his position, and used public resources to support this medical research and achieved a great deal as a result, which was able to produce medicament for the general public in the latter part of Japanese colonization.
The fourth chapter is about the prophylactic campaign, based on what has been explored in the third chapter. The success of prophylactic measures relied on the coordination and cooperation of popular organization, hygienic administration as well as the medical skill. The general policy of medical prophylaxis and treatment adopted by the governors had to take into account the special characteristics of Taiwanese tradition society so that it could have a better social enforcement. The governors drafted the guidelines according to medical research, which were then carried out by hygienic policemen and neighborhood organization; they would campaign together for the prophylactic measures as well as promote a hygienic education.
The governors in dealing with endemic situation would divide it into different areas, set up a report system to pass on information and offer medical treatments for the victims. The general approach had its main focus on the medical treatment of victims and laid a lesser stress on a cleaning up of the living environment.
The fifth chapter is to assess the effectiveness of medical prophylaxis and treatment against malaria adopted by the governors and to point out the features and the influence of this colonization medicine.
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