| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 生命科學系所 === 95 === After industrialization, varieties of severe environmental pollutions from overuse of petroleum and upcoming exhaustion of part petroleum have recently promoted many researches of alternative resources. These researches are to discover possible resources for future use, and another goal is to solve the pollution problems from burning petrol fuels. Hydrogen just meets the two goals. Hydrogen can be turned into electricity through fuel cells and provide switch of high heat energy. Also, hydrogen produces water, instead of producing carbon dioxide after being burned, which causes greenhouse effect.
Lignocelluloses, including lignin, cellulose, and hemicelluloses is the most abundant renewable resources in nature. If we can take advantage of microorganism to further produce hydrogen, it will benefit ecosystem, disposition of agricultural waste, and energy industries al lot. Termites have evolved and adapted themselves to the environment for thousands of years. They can saccharize lignocelluloses for digestion. This ability enables microorganism coalescing in bowels of these ancient social insects to be noticed.
The goal of this research is to analyze bacteria community in termite intestines, and then to isolate bacteria that saccharize lignocelluloses and produce hydrogen, especially Clostridium bacteria, from others. First, we adopt DGGE to analyze bacteria community from termite hindgut and soil of the termite hibitate. Furthermore, use RT-PCR to detect possible existent Clostridium in the termite hindgut. One strain ,Ter3, isolated from termite hindgut and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA indicate that the bacterium is closely related to Clostridium xylanolyticum. This strain has degradation of lignocellulose and hydrogen-producing ability. We characterized Ter3 with adaptable temperature at 37℃ and adaptable pH at 7.0. Ter3 can grow with sole carbon source glucose, xylose, mannose, cellobiose, CMC, Avicel, and xylan. Besides, Ter3 is used to analyze degradation activity of Avicelase, CMCase, cellobiase, and xylanase. Then, co-culture Ter3 with other bacteria which have either cellulose activity or hydrogen-producing activity. The results suggest the bacteria which co-culture with Ter3 can improve the system of the degradation activity of lignocellulose or of its hydrogen-producing activity.
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