| Summary: | 碩士 === 臺北市立教育大學 === 兒童發展研究所 === 94 === ABSTRACT
The purposes of this study were to explore the correlations of Preschooler’s genders, emotional reactivity, and maternal strategies with preschooler’s emotional regulation strategies. Its’ independent variables include gender, emotional reactivity and maternal help. Its’ dependent variables include preschooler’s emotional regulation strategies and maternal strategies. Fifty-five preschoolers（5-year-olds）and their mothers participated in a controlled frustration situation that were videotaped. Four types of preschooler’s emotional regulation strategies and maternal strategies were coded：comforting behaviors, instrumental behaviors, distraction behaviors, and cognitive reappraisals. Preschooler’s emotional reactivity was assessed by Behavior Style Questionnaire.
The data was analyzed by Kendall’s coefficient of rank correlation, three-way ANOVA, and Pearson product-moment correlation. The main findings of the study were as follows:
1. Differences in preschooler’s emotional regulation strategies to frustration
(1) No effects of gender and emotional reactivity were found in preschooler’s use of comforting behaviors, instrumental behaviors, distraction behaviors, and cognitive reappraisals.
(2) A significant effect of maternal help was found in preschooler’s use of emotional regulation strategies. When children were alone, they exhibited more comforting behaviors, distraction behaviors and fewer instrumental behaviors, cognitive reappraisals than mother stayed with them.
2. Relations between preschooler’s emotional regulation strategies and maternal strategies.
(1) Significant positive correlations were found between maternal use of comforting behaviors and their children’s use of comforting behaviors.
(2) Significant positive correlations were found between maternal use of instrumental behaviors and their children’s use of instrumental behaviors. And significant negative correlations were found between maternal use of instrumental behaviors and their children’s use of comforting behaviors.
(3) Significant positive correlations were found between maternal use of distraction behaviors and their children’s use of distraction behaviors. And significant negative correlations were found between maternal use of distraction behaviors and their children’s use of instrumental behaviors.
(4) No Significant positive correlations were found between maternal use of cognitive reappraisals and their children’s use of four emotional regulation strategies
According to the result of the research, it provides us materials for further study, and suggestions for parents to handle children’s negative emotion.
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