| Summary: | 博士 === 國立臺灣海洋大學 === 河海工程學系 === 94 === Abstract
In recent years, changes of the global environment and climate have resulted in sudden increase of water turbidity and hence no water supply whenever there is a storm. During the dry season or a drought, on the other hand, there is shortage in water resources. These have emerge a challenge for water supply at water sources. Therefore, this research considers district water supply systems(including the water supply station) in the future to allocate multiple water sources and quickly supply water to different districts or supply water with less quantity and optimal pressure to maintain the basic domestic water consumption of the public.
This research applies the concept of system life cycle in developing a stable, diversified and informative water supply system to achieve least water supply risk, highest stability, and lowest cost. The comprehensive problems of water supply and tries to come up with solutions. Methods adopted include
(1) Developing and building district water supply systems to mainly accommodate multiple water sources allocation. Two parallel pipes and connecting piping are established on major water supply pipes of the allocation system and two wells are set up in each district piping network to connect with major water supply pipes of different piping. Other parts and tubing or piping outside each district are completely separated. The improved district piping networks can supply water independently and instantly carry out water supply allocation as well as assure efficacy of reasonable supply water pressure.
(2) Doing the hydraulic power simulation analysis and establishing an optimal model, taking into consideration the initial piping setup charge, road repair charge and management and operation charge to achieve minimum cost and maximum water supply. Meanwhile, inspired Genetic Algorithm is applied to find the solution and find a more cost-effective design proposal in compliance with design regulations and principles.
(3) Mapping out the support system of the multiple water supply station in the district, which in ordinary times supplies users with multi-alternative drinking water (such as magnetized water, and oxygenated water) or meet the basic demand for drinking water of the public in case of emergencies where the station cannot supply water to ensure maximized reliability in water supply. This research analyzes the optimal setup location of the water supply station by Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm for each supply station can make the best use of.
(4) We want to look for monitoring stations ,That number and sites of of stations can be obtained by Policy-making model of simulating site selecting of the district urban water network. Then setting monitor systems in districts to exactly control water input and output and the optimal water pressure, minimize water leaks, check on water leaks or water pollution in the districts, and make sure that water pressure and quantity are stable. If the piping network is abnormal or is broken, the leaking spots can be located very quickly and repairs can be made to restore normal water supply in a rapid manner. Analyses show that this method saves water loss as a result of broken pipes by 67% and cuts down leak volume by more than 23.5% when water pressure is controlled at a reasonable level.
Through case study and analysis, this research finds that the shortage risk of major water supply pipes and the district piping network itself in a district piping network system management model drop to 0.018 from 0.202 when a monitor system is added; that is, improvement in the district piping network system can result in 1.23 times of increase in water supply reliability.
Therefore, if the water within water supply districts is decreased or cannot be supplied completely due to natural disasters or other situations, the improved small district piping network system established in this research (including the water supply station system) could be used to provide the public with basic domestic water and maximize the water supply efficacy in the district.
Keyword: Districted Water Supply System , Life Cycle, Optimal Model, Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm, Reliability, Shortage Risk
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