| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立屏東商業技術學院 === 資訊管理系 === 94 === The Elementary Arithmetic (EA) is the most basic course for elementary school students to study the Mathematics. However, studying EA has to memorize the order of operations, (i.e, the priority of multiplications and divisions is higher than the priority of additions and subtractions.) This rule often causes puzzlements and obstacles to many students in the process of learning the arithmetic because EA is expressed in the form of infix expression and violates the principle of left association. In this paper we make use of the binary tree to present a novel tree-based elementary arithmetic (TBEA) method to improve the learning of the arithmetic. Without the need of memorizing the order of operations, a Divide-and-Conquer approach is adopted to simplify the traditional EA and help students to learn the arithmetic. Moreover, we utilize Flash-MX to develop a computer-assisted instruction (CAI) software, which would offer students an interactive interface to learn the arithmetic. In this research, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) is adopted to conduct the TBEA. The results of ANCOVA indicate that the TBEA is better than the traditional EA.
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