| Summary: | 博士 === 國立彰化師範大學 === 輔導與諮商學系所 === 94 === Abstract
The purpose of the study is to explore counselors’ experiences of discrepancy between intention and action during the counseling process, using the approach of qualitative and discovery-oriented research. The study is divided into two parts, stage 1 via in-depth interview and stage 2 via interpersonal process recall (IPR) interview, to explore the contents, situations, influence and counselors’ coping method about counselors’ experiences of discrepancy.
The results are as follows. The contents are negative experiences by subjective perception. And they are the process from perception to coping. Based on the contents, the experiences can be divided into ‘internal factor’ and ‘external factors’. Based on the severity, they can be divided into ‘large discrepancy’ and ‘small discrepancy’.
The three situations in which counselors discover the experiences of discrepancy are:
self awareness and evaluation, others’ comments, behavior observation and evaluation. In counseling, the predisposing factors of discrepancy are the habits of counselor’s verbal expressions, inappropriate rationale and attitude of counselor. Regarding the process of professional development, the predisposing factors of discrepancy are inexperience and inadequate properties.
When counselors perceive the experiences of discrepancy, the perception start the process of coping. The strategies of coping can be divided into three parts: cognitive, emotional and behavioral. The cognitive strategies of coping can guide the behavior of coping. The counselors can reach the goal of lessening the discrepancy or decreasing the negative feelings via the cognitive and behavioral strategies of coping. The reactions of negative emotion can motivate the behavioral strategies of coping, and they would point out whether the cognitive strategies of coping have succeeded or not. These strategies of coping are not only the immediate coping method in counseling but also the long term coping method after counseling.
When the counselors have coped successfully, they can thus promote their inappropriate rationale and attitude, raise their professional knowledge and the proficiency of counseling skill, modify their inadequate properties, and surely have a positive influence on the counselors’ personal and professional development.
The results of the study can assist clinical counselors to perceive and cope with the experiences of discrepancy, and offer the supervisors and educators the reference resources to promote the development of counseling profession.
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