| Summary: | 碩士 === 逢甲大學 === 公共政策所 === 94 === The highway tunnel is a public facility in relatively sealed space. It is apt to cause serious injuries and deaths if accident occurs. Since there were several serious disaster occurred in the long highway tunnel (such as the tunnel accident in Mont Blanc, Tauern, St. Gotthard), it considerable for the management unit to pay attention on the traffic safety in the tunnel. Disaster management is one of the events of crisis management for which highway tunnel disaster (accident) is also included. In ordinary times, the crisis management should be well organized. The crisis prevention should be implemented in advance in order to prevent the crisis from occurring. For those unavoidable crisis , it should be properly handled at once when the crisis occurs so the damage can be minimized.
This study will look into the safety management mechanism of Baguashan tunnel in point of crisis management. This study focuses on the types of accident (divided into A, B, C and D classes) and the emergency measure of units such as control center, works, fire control, highway police, medical and environmental protection. It will look into the completeness of the disaster prevention, rescue mechanism, and put forward the constructive suggestion on the related topics.
This study analyzes several tunnel accidents stated in the domestic and international documents over the years (foreign 34 cases, domestic 15 cases) and draws to a conclusion: for foreign accidents in tunnel, most of the vehicles involved in the accidents are trucks (large vehicles). The causes of accidents in order are the fault of drivers which causes the collision (same and opposite direction) of vehicles, mechanical disorder of the vehicle and the fire caused by the flammable goods of the truck. For the domestic accidents in tunnel, most of the vehicles involved in the accidents are container trucks and small vehicles (including small truck). The causes of accidents include the fault of driver and collision (or collides oneself) of vehicles caused by unlawful practice. The main unlawful practice causing the accidents include "does not keep the safety driving distance", "speeding" and "drunk drive", etc.
To estimate the safety facilities of Baguashan tunnel, its'' safety level has reached AA standard already. However, according to the conclusion of several foreign serious tunnel accidents, in order to provide act of rescue and flee for life for the people when there is tunnel disaster, it is suggested to setup the "rescue room" and "act of rescue tunnel". Besides, according to research, the "traffic control railing" has positive effect to the traffic control of the tunnel. The "fine water spray fire extinguishing system" suppresses the spread of fire. These safety facilities are not included in the Baguashan tunnel. It is worth for the relevant units to estimate whether the mentioned facilities should be set up.
For the conclusion obtained from the study of crisis prevention of Baguashan tunnel, the following topics can be used as reference for the relevant units. For example, establish the wireless communication system across each rescue units, enforce the implementation of the law inside the tunnel and make a study of "traffic control rule of long highway tunnel". Super low driving speed in the tunnel can really affects the traffic order and safety, and the rule for punishment should be established. It is difficult to towing the large vehicle when it was overturned inside the tunnel, and it is call for the relevant units pay attention and seek for proper solution.
Keyword: Crisis, Crisis Management, Handling of Crisis,
Highway Long Tunnel, Disaster in Tunnel, System
Theory.
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