| Summary: | 碩士 === 臺北市立師範學院 === 兒童發展研究所 === 93 === Abstract
This study aims at the discussions of correlation among Emotion Expresses Rules Understanding of children, Family Expressiveness Climate, and Interpersonal relationships. Its control variables include Emotion Expresses Rules Understanding and Family Expressiveness Climate；its independent variable is Interpersonal relationships。
There are in total 98 Taipei county children ranging from five- or six-year-olds from one kindergarten to third-graders and fifth-graders from one elementary school to participate in this research. Materials of “emotion expresses rules understanding” are collected by interviews, and questionnaires are used to investigate the materials of “family expressiveness climate.” Picture-board Sociometry Interview is adopted for kindergarten kids, and peer nomination for elementary school students for the understanding of “interpersonal relationships.”
All the collected figures and data apply methodology of statistics such as T-test, one-way ANOVA、Pearson product-moment correlation Multiple stepwise regression analysis. Furthermore, the materials for the analysis of children’s reactions toward hiding emotion are also gathered and analyzed.
Main findings of the study are as follows:
1. General situation for emotion expresses rules understanding and family expressiveness climate：Fifth graders have the best understandings over emotion expresses rules than third graders and kindergarten kids. No differences are found on children’s emotion expresses rules understanding as the variable “gender” is referred to. Family expressiveness climate appear to be positive type, “negative-dominant” are less likely happen.
2. The relationship between emotion expresses rules understanding and family expressiveness climate：Children emotion expresses rules understanding is found to have strong relevance among three types: “positive dominant,” “positive submissive,” and “negative dominant” rather than “negative submissive.”
3. The relationship between emotion expresses rules understanding and interpersonal relationships：The emotion expresses rules understanding affect the interpersonal relationships of children. The better understandings they have, the better interpersonal relationships they obtain.
4. The relationship between family expressiveness climate and interpersonal relationships：The ones who have higher scores in positive emotion types in family expressiveness climate table tent to have better interpersonal relationships. Moreover, the lower scores in negative emotion types represent better interpersonal relationships as well.
5. The correlation among emotion expresses rules understanding, family expressiveness climate and interpersonal relationships：Children’s “emotion expresses rules understanding” and “positive-dominant”are possible references to prediction for interpersonal relationships.
6. The reasons for children reactions toward emotion-hiding: Younger children tend to hide their true internal feelings to “avoid negative results” while older children tent to excuse themselves by “sacrifice” and “the successful emotion managements have met social expectations.” It appears that when gender is referred to, the reasons “sacrifice” and “the sake of personal dignity” are more likely to be chosen by girls.
According to the findings above, some suggestions are proposed：
Application to consultation in education
1. Understand the development of children emotion expresses rules, which is a key element for children’s interpersonal relationships and is worthy of constant concern and instruction from adults.
2. Parents should put emphasis on both words and personal examples. Furthermore, sympathetic family emotion atmosphere supports the development of children emotions.
3. The school is playing a role to retrieve the shortcoming of parents.
Suggestions to future studies
1.A further step to discuss the development of emotion expresses rules understanding of children
2.More research on other reasons which would also affect children emotion expresses rules understanding.
3.Thorough observations for reasons and differences of adoption of emotion expresses rules by different children.
4.Change of the study approach.
5.Understand other member's ideas on family expressiveness climate.
Key word：understanding of emotion expresses rules
family expressiveness climate
interpersonal relationships
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