From Tachen to Taiwan－A Case Study of the New Immigrants in the 1950s

• Main Authors: Ho Cheng-Che, 何政哲
• Other Authors: 張素玢
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2005
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95840129179390984400

碩士 === 淡江大學 === 歷史學系碩士班 === 93 === 　　At the later part of civil war between Nationalist and Communist, the Nationalist Government retreated to Taiwan, but the civil war did not end for it. Nationalist still held quite some off-shore island along the east cost of Chejiang and Fukien, which were used to attract the communist forces and to retard the development of Communist China along coastal area of South East China. Tachen Island, one of Taizhou Archipelago is a critical point at the offshore of eastern Chejiang. After the end of Korean War in 1953, Communist China concentrated forces at the coastal area of Chejiang and Fukien, and they started attacking off shore island in 1954 and in January, 1955, they took Yi Jiang Shan Island and exposed Tachen Island to the open fire of Communist China, who could take it anytime. 　　When the crisis in Taiwan Strait was at brink of volcano, US suggested the Nationalist to give up Tachen Island and concentrate forces in Taiwan and Penghu, where US would help Nationalist in retracting military and civilians to Taiwan and it was named as King Kong Project. It was conducted jointly by Nationalist forces and 7th Fleet of US. King Kong Project commenced on Feb. 7 and completed on Feb. 12, 1955 soundly, and the civilians, armed forces and their belongings and equipment were successfully removed to Taiwan. Civilians, in total number of 18,000 odd, Tachenians (Tachen people) left their home island and arrived at Taiwan, a place of total stranger to them. The Nationalist Government called them Loyal Tachenians to commemorate their loyalty to Nationalist and defied communist 　　For taking care of their livings, Nationalist Government established Employment Assistance Council for Loyal Citizens from Tachen Area” for their settlement. The government also built 35 Tachenian settlements all over Taiwan in every jurisdiction. At the same time, jobs in agriculture, fishing, industrial and commerce were offered for them to let them settled and rooted in Taiwan. But the policies and measures of the government did not work well in every aspect and they were in miseries, and for raising family, most of them were forced or lured to left the Tachen settlements arranged by the government to find jobs, such as sailors. This paper will study, beginning from the retreat of Tachen, the proceeding of King Kong Project, the Guidance Measure of the government after Tachenians are migrated into Taiwan as well the success and failure of such settlement measures. The miseries of Tachenians in Taiwan ought to be exposed to the public, so that the history and the process of migration may be presented to the public in its full features.