| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 園藝學研究所 === 93 === The form of all road construction is linear element, directly cross the land to segment land-use and natural habitat. It makes plants and animals’ habitat fragmentation, and influences biodiversity significantly. In recent years, many world advanced countries accompany with the biodiversity vision, and enter upon “ecological compensation plan”. The idea of compensate for loss environmental values from planning, and creation another ecological environment elsewhere. In Taiwan, implement road construction is hampered by current legal basis-Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). The EIA include basis concept of “avoidance” and “mitigation”, but “compensation plan” and “land needed” lack of a legal basis for compensation principle. The environment impact assessment will face the renew challenge. Therefore, the study analyses advanced country (Dutch) and Taiwan implementing ecological compensation plan, and establishes the compensatory system under current framework of road construction.
The study attempts by case study research and chooses Pheasant-tailed Jacana restorative area in GuanTian, NanTou section of National Expressway No. 6, and SanJhih-BeiTou Highway served as the study sample of actual analysis. Regarding mechanism of ecological compensation should guide by nation project, and top-down with the target accord. These cases implementing to start ecological compensation plan. The earliest promoting plan is Pheasant-tailed Jacana restorative area (by Taiwan High Speed Rail), and the construction project with tradition engineering concept. But it can''t plan with environmental protect concept in initial stage. In recent years, we consider join ecological concept on road construction, and request the engineering project, but it is hard to practice. The case in NanTou section of National Expressway No. 6 developments to regard ecological environment as object, because of the pressure in time of engineering project, still can not do prefect. The plan of SanJhih-BeiTou Highway is creative principle, and regarding ecological environment as main consideration on the project. We can know nation shift the policy, and support the engineering promote for ecological conservation.
From the result of experimental study, we can comprehend implementing fundamental elements of successful ecological compensation plan in Dutch. These elements will be utilized as an example for Taiwan, which recommend steps and establish a legal basis for ecological compensation plan. An important aspect of realizing the compensation plan is monitored in the form of ecological reports. Such monitoring may result adjustment of the measures in cases where the compensation objectives are achieved, and face conservation target step by step.
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