| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺北大學 === 公共行政暨政策學系 === 93 === This paper developed a Linear Structure Relation (LISREL) model to describe the causal relationships between socioeconomic structure, social insurance structure,and social assistance demand.
According to the literature review, this paper proposed three null hypotheses: (1) There would be no significant correlation between socioeconomic structure and social insurance structure. (2) There would be no significant correlation between social insurance structure and social assistance demand. (3) There would be no significant correlation between socioeconomic structure and social assistance demand.
The results showed that these three null hypotheses were all rejected by the calculations of the equations.
This paper also found three important indicators, the ratio of unmarried mother,the ratio of people below poverty level, and the unemployment rate, were mostly represnetive the socioeconomic structure. And these three indicators are all relevant to poverty. The ratio of people with private health insurance coverage, the ratio of children’s health insurance coverage,and the ratio of Medicare mostly reflected on the social insurance structure. While the ratio of recipients of TANF, Medicaid and Food Stamp significantly related to the social assistance demand.
There is a negative correlation between socioeconomic structure and social insurance structure. The higher poverty ratio, the lower health insurance coverage. Most of health insurance are employment-based and direct-purchase. When the unemployment rates and the poverty rates are rising, the ratio of people with private health insurance coverage would be decreasing. The socioeconomic structure influences the social assistance demand through the social insurance structure. The demand of social assistance would be higher, if ratios of the three indicators of the social insurance structure are lower which means the poverty ratio is higher. In addition, the topics of unmarried pregnancy, formulation of the poverty level,health insurance reform of the U.S., the development of HMO、the implementation efficiency of TANF, and indicators of the three structures need more discussing.
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