| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立屏東科技大學 === 森林系 === 93 === Taiwan of suitable agriculture land to be utilized is limited under 55﹪. The facts there are many lands are over utilization. The purpose of the experiment is to study a litchi orchard on steep slope land and analyze the elements of the plants and soil physical-chemical properties under four different treatments: Bahia grass mulching, litchi orchard Bahia grass mulching with hillside ditching, clean cultivation with planting litchi and planting litchi between the strip grasses includes Bahia grass stubble mulching. With the result of this study, we can compare the situation with different soil and water conservation treatments and steep slope litchi nutrients gained. It can be used to be the reference of soil and water conservation treatments in orchards on steep slope land.
Based on on-site measurements from 31° ( 60 % ) steep slope orchards, sever soil and water losses may result if soil surface was kept bare; regardless the crop types. By taking the weighted average of soil loss from field measurements, hillside ditches plus vegetation cover proves to be the most effective measure among all treatments, followed by overall vegetation cover, and grass strips with residue mulch applied in between strips.
Soil conservation practices not only prevent soil from erosion, but also help improve soil physical-chemical properties. Grass vegetation as well as residue mulch adds extra organic matter to the soil through the process of decomposition. They also prevent nutrient from washing away by surface runoff. It has obvious effects of soil and water conservation. However, it is the facts of land over utilization. The experiment is to study on the effects of soil and water conservation on steep slope land, just for reference not to be taken on land over utilization.
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