| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立高雄第一科技大學 === 運輸倉儲營運所 === 93 === In the past decade, the upraising size of container ship has become a tendency in the international container transportation market. Although container liners have exploited the economies of scale from deploying big ships, the benefit has been outweighed by the decreasing freight. Under the severe competition, the market has been getting more concentrated because some liners have been exited from the market and merged by competitors. In response to the intense competition, most of major carriers have been separated into several groups by the strategies of joint venture, alliance and slot exchange. It is expected that the strategies will not only increase the liner’s market share, but also release the market competition.
The conventional framework of industry economics has focused on the hypothesized relations among structure, conduct and performance (SCP). The theoretical framework has been borrowed to examine the international shipping market structure and performance of container liners. In addition, Panel data method and simultaneous equation models individually are used to estimate the parameters of the market share, price level, and fleet efficiency with the sample covering 16 carriers during 1997-2004. The study has reached the following results. (1) Though carriers can rise the market power by deploying big ships, to enlarge the ship size will result in inefficiency of container fleet operated and lower price level. (2) There exists a positive correlation between concentration ratio and price level. This result suggests that carriers can collect a heighten price by means of deterring entry. (3) There is a negative correlation between market share and price level. This result suggests that carriers could apply cutting price strategy to increase market share. (4) There is a positive correlation between joint venture and price level. This result implies that carriers can increase revenues by the strategies of joint venture. (5) This study also shows a positive correlation the ratio between trip ocean and fleet efficiency, but it’s a negative correlation the ratio between trip ocean and market share. This result reveals that higher trip ocean ratio can improve fleet efficiency but it cannot improve market share.
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