| Summary: | 碩士 === 南華大學 === 歐洲研究所 === 93 === The international political situation of Europe has changed dramatically around the 90s. The Soviet Union has collapsed after the cold war, there were also issues such as the existence or abolishment of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the transformation of Western European Union (WEU) etc. so there is no more a stable international situation as it was during the period of cold war. European Community (EC) was integrated and became European Union (EU) in 1992, to strengthen the establishment of economic integration. For the diplomacy and security policy that was very hard to be integrated in the past, after the course of Treaty of Amsterdam, revision of Treaty of Nice, and many European Union summits, EU has successfully built its own ability of military action, and also established a set of system and goals. The focus for economic integration of European countries has been extended successfully to the topic of national security diplomacy, and EU has been developing independent defense policies actively. EU''s "Common and Foreign Security Policy" (CFSP) is the second one of these 3 pillars of EU, since it is the policy for EU to develop self-defense actively. The “European Security and Defense Policy” decided during the Cologne Summit of EU in 1999 is the execution tool to carry out external policies under the second pillar, not only does it include military force, but also the task to maintain peace in Europe. The strength of reacting to crisis established by EU will definitely improve its international influence, and also catch attention from power and organizations such as USA, NATO etc.
This article will narrate the course of EU developing “European Security and Defense Policy” by year order, and analyze the development procedures. In addition, it will emphasize the development of this policy during recent years and its actual actions, also address studies on the policy with new topics such as EU expanding eastwards, and its new constitutions.
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