| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 環境工程學系碩博士班 === 93 === During the past decade or so cigarette smoking had been proven to be hazardous to health. The chemical compounds that envrionmental tobacco smoke (ETS) contain, such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Tobacco specific N-Nitrosamines (TSNAs) all be marked as the potent carcinogenic compounds. Many refernces also indicate that environmental tobacco smoke contain trace component which will cause genetic mutation.
ETS can divide into mainstream smoke (MS) and sidestream smoke (SS) .MS means the smoke which smoker draw in through the filter, SS means the smoke caused by burns of the top of cigarette. Because SS result from incomplete burning, the toxic compounds are times of MS. The form of ETS is about 80% SS and 20% MS, so the study of this research analyse mutagenicity of SS to estimate the genotoxicity of ETS.
Many refernces show that genotoxic compounds of environmental tobacco smoke will enter Human’s lung via adsorbing the aerosol. The study of this research discusses about SS of different formula type cigarettes, so, we prepare eight kinds of different flavor and formula cigarettes, collect the particulates from side-stream smoke on filters using a standard cigarette test method, each filter is then solvent extracted, cleaned up, concentrated, and then analyzed by a GC/MS for PAHs. Elemental analysis on selected metals will also be carried out. Each concentrated sample is then tested for genotoxicity with Ames Test. By camparing the result of this research, we can find out the genotoxicity of environmental tobacco smoke from different cigarettes.
In conclusion, our results show that the aerosol in ETS is indirect- acting mutagen compounds, because they only show mutagenic reaction by adding S9 liver homogenate, and our data indicate that PAHs in ETS and the nitrogen content of tobacco are the most important factor of the SS genotoxicity. The SS caused by cigar has the strongest genotoxicity. SS result from cigarette made from England type has much PAHs than American type, cigarette made from American type of formula still has higher than England type if this two types of cigarettes has same “tar” content, because American type of formula contain more nitrogen element than England type. Light flavor cigarette which “tar” content is only half of dense flavor, but genotoxicity in SS just slight less than it. The adding of mint perfume will not affect genotoxicity in cigarette smoke.
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