| Summary: | 碩士 === 佛光人文社會學院 === 政治學研究所 === 93 === Abstract
On March 14th, 2005, the “Representative of People’s Republic of China Council” passed the legislation of “Anti-Secession Law.” It was this law that triggered my interest in starting this thesis. With “Anti-Secession Law,” China intended to speed up the pace for launching war against Taiwan. This law had set both sides across the strait in the crisis of armed conflict while further endangering safety and steady of the region.The research time scale for my thesis covered the period of current general mobilization system, which started from the July 31st, 1992 annihilation of “Mobilization for Rebellion Suppression Period” till the present day. Areas under my research included free regions of Republic of China including Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matzu. My study methodologies were basis of both documentary analysis and analytic comparison. As for my evaluation section, I drew concepts such as “Theory of Organization” and “Policy Evaluate Management” from realms of Business Administration and Public Administration for my evaluative methods and norms. In the last part of my thesis, I had introduced features and trends of American military mobilization system in order to emulate its advantages on my study to deliberate and improve the current mobilization system.
To classify important research discoveries in this thesis, I have reached these conclusions:
I.Since the enforcement of “National Defense Second Law,” the practical fulfillment of “All Civil Defense” conception was to mobilize every citizen to defense the nation. Ministry of National Defense had established “The Office of Reserve Force” with its axis of military mobilization and its aim for nationwide civil defense. Progressively, the legislation of “All Civil Defense Mobilization Arrangement Law” intended to establish a system for all civil defense combining people’s livelihood with nationwide defense. At the same time, it requires both central authority and lower ones’ mobilization for all citizens. Through Integrated All Civil Defense Mobilization Force Commission’s to coordination and integration to support requirements for military mobilization. Military mobilization mission included two major aspects: armed force mobilization, and military supplements and equipments. Armed force mobilization aimed to support personnel and equipment deficiency with huge reserve armed force and human resources. Military supplement and equipment mobilization would transfer civil factories capable of producing military products into suppliants for military supplements and thus supply equipments and accoutrements for tri-forces, and endure the force of war.
II.Widely preserve the reserve force is an important circle to establish the force to prepare for war. However, only through the establishment of mobilization system, the integration and utilization of the reserve force could coordinate with the military elitism policy and reach the goal for “minimum soldiers to keep without war, maximum soldiers to employ for war.” Under current circumstance that China insists on not giving up invading Taiwan, the only way to support national defense policy and maintain national security is to plan powerful reserve armed force. Therefore, considering the factor of time, we should shorten the mobilization time and reinforce mobilization arrangement and supplement measures. As for the procedure, in order to conform to time, we should simplify related mobilization laws and transactions and therefore refining functions for mobilization activation, and advancing the common sense for all civil nationwide defenses. In the aspect of system, we should focus on the ability for strategic decision and making use of information technology to reinforce the mobilization mechanics for transition from peace to wartime, and connect related links, sound counseling organizations, fulfill the reserve force services. With those, we would reach a common sense among all citizens to conform to the war of the future and reach the aim for “promptly mobilization, promptly war.”
III.As for my evaluation section, I consider following problems to be improved in our nation’s All Civil Defense Mobilization System:
A.Related laws for all civil defense mobilization arrangement were not complete.
B.“Mobilization Transaction Report Convention” and “All Civil Force Integrate Report Convention” system members were mostly organized by mission thus no compulsive and without integrity.
C.Most conveners of county (city) MTRC did not host the convention by themselves, attendances were agents and thus the convention did not take effect.
D.Shortages of budgets for municipals and county/city MTRC had affected the execution of mobilization mission.
E.Ministry of National Defense had taken care of secretarial works for mobilization; however, personnel and budget obstacles had blocked, with limited integrity.
IV.Basis on American’s general mobilization system, we could emulate on our system as followed:
A.Clear definition for the reserve force services.
B.Definite classification for mobilizations.
C.Fixed groupings for mobilization system.
D.Elevate the training standard.
E.Re-manipulation for the reserve force human resources.
F.Legislation to protect rights for military service.
G.Setting up the reserve forces as part of standing armed forces.
H.Refining the mobilization arms and putting into effect industrial mobilization.
I.Reinforcing abilities for information technology, setting up mobilization center.
V.To achieve aims of mobilization system, our country should take advance measures as followed:
A.Timely modifications for related mobilization laws.
B.Organizing specific members, budgets and organizations to be responsible of mobilization system.
C.Carrying out the effect of conventions and elevating the working results.
D.Integrating material mobilization classification with storage systems.
E.Carrying out data check and organizational works.
F.Making use the reserve organization to propagandize the all civil defense concept.
G.Erecting mobilization working brainpower databanks.
H.Vigorous in collecting the reserve mobilization arms.
I.Embedded military necessity industries in civil industries.
J.Running drills to investigate abilities for mobilization.
K.Reinforcing the mobilization information data management.
L.Integrating mobilization arrangements into international collaborations.
M.Altering working concepts to conform to trend.
To sum up, our country’s all civil defense mobilization system is a system able to turn the country from danger to safe and therefore prevent war from happening, maintain the stability between both sides across the strait, and defense the safety of our lands. This system has close links with every one of us, especially when the conflict between China and Taiwan remains unsolved. Thus, the continuing research for mobilization system is definitely necessary.
Keywords: mobilization, military mobilization, civil defense.
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