| Summary: | 碩士 === 政治作戰學校 === 政治研究所 === 92 === Since the beginning of the war in Iraq, the international community has been questioning the legitimacy of the U.S. military invasion in Iraq. In addition, the situation in Iraq is still unstable. The peace-keeping and after-war rebuilding efforts of the U.S. military forces have fell into the quagmire of guerrilla war due to the setbacks from the terrorist attacks. This not only affects the rebuilding efforts in Iraq, but also impinges the performance of American military commitment. This thesis will discuss the value of the U.S. military ethics from the angle of military ethics. I will also try to construct the legitimacy of American military operation and commitment with ideal type, so that we may closely follow the regulations of military ethics. The thesis is divided into four parts.
First, based on the source of the U.S. military ethics and the development of her professional military ethics, and the emphasis of military ethics regulations, we will understand the basis of the law of armed soldiers committing violence and the legitimacy of professional military behaviors.
Second, the core value of military actions legitimacy is in the conception of the “just war”. Therefore, I will examine the declaration of war, the legitimacy of joining a war, and the principles of behaviors in a war from two aspects: “before military actions” and “during military actions”, and use seven indicators as the basis of military action legitimacy. In addition, I will compare the similarities and differences of such bases between the Gulf War and the Iraq War.
Third, I will discuss the formation and development of the U.S. military commitment conception, describe precisely the context of U.S. military commitment, and construct its structure, using the Vietnam War and the Iraq war as the examples for examination and comparison.
Fourth, the justification of the U.S. invasion in the Iraq War, its being questioned by the international community, the U.S. efforts of rebuilding Iraq after the war, and the situation where they are being attacked by terrorists have all produced a dilemma for American soldiers’ military commitment. I will propose a solution for the legitimacy of military actions based on the factors of war strategies, war diplomacy, and the Iraqi terrains. I will also propose a solution for the dilemma of the U.S. military commitment from the aspects of military organization identification, military organization involvement, and professional military affection.
Last, my thesis has discovered that in the regulations of military ethics, military actions legitimacy and commitment are to teach soldiers how to win a war legitimately and be strong and powerful troops. Therefore, the development of the U.S. military ethics can be used as a reference to develop the study of military ethics of our military political and war efforts, and strengthen the functions of our military political education.
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