Investigations on Culture, Growth Habits and Phenology in Pitaya（Hylocereus spp.）

• Main Authors: Wan-Te Hsu, 徐萬德
• Other Authors: Tzong-Shyan Lin
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2004
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61286627848624476625

碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 園藝學研究所 === 92 === Semi-climbing cactus (Hylocereus spp.) has been planted for 812 ha in Taiwan and centered in the southwestern places Hylocereus spp. was mostly introduced by the nuseryman from the middle and southern America. Variations in varieties, cultivation and management system result in fluctuation of quality and price. The maximal yield can reach as 45 mt per ha under suitable cultivation system in Taiwan. Very few serious disease and insects occur in the field. Therefore, it is a crop with high potential. Three lines (‘White Pulp No.1’, ‘Red Pulp No.1’ and ‘Red Pulp No. 5’) of Hylocereus spp. grown in Pingtung bloomed in mid-night. The main pollinators were honey bees appeared in the next morning. At summer season, twelve days were needed for the development of flower buds, and twenty-five days for fruits. Development curve were single sigmoid model of flower buds and fruits in pitaya (Hylocereus spp.). ‘White Pulp No. 1’ had the highest fruit weight, pulp ratio and firmness, and ‘Red Pulp No. 1’ were the lowest. ‘White Pulp No. 1’ were ellipse with light-pink skin, ‘Red Pulp No. 5’ were oval with dark red skin, and ‘Red Pulp No. 1’ were flat round with light red skin. ‘White Pulp No. 1’ had the highest whereas ‘Red Pulp No. 1’ the lowest germination percentage and viability of pollens. Both germination and viability of pollen decreased significantly 12 hr after anthesis. Self-pollinated pollens germinated and grew normally in vivo in ‘White Pulp No. 1’ but the growth of pollen tubes were inhibited in the style of ‘Red Pulp No. 1’ or in the ovary of ‘Red Pulp No. 5’. Fruit set, fruit weight and viable seeds increased through cross pollination in ‘Red Pulp’ lines. These results indicated that ‘White Pulp No.1’ was self-compatible whereas ‘Red Pulp No.1’ and ‘Red Pulp No.5’ were self-incompatiable.