| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣海洋大學 === 水產養殖學系 === 92 === Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of K-diformate on the weight gain, survival and chemical compositions of muscle and liver of cobia, Rachycentron canadum.
In the first trial, triplicate groups of cobia (6.9±0.1g initial body weight) were fed diets including four supplemental K-diformate levels (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/kg). Fish meal was used as a dietary protein and the mixture of 2:1 cod liver oil/corn oil used as a dietary lipid. No significant differences were found among the weight gain and survival of cobia fed different experimental diets in the 8-week feeding period. However, cobia fed a diet containing 0.5 g/kg K-diformate had the best weight gain (878 %) and food conversion ratio (2.56). The moisture, ash, crude protein and crude lipid content of cobia muscle were no significant difference among all treatments, but the crude lipid of liver of cobia was increased with increasing dietary K-diformate level. The neutral lipid of muscle of cobia contained high levels of 16:0, 18:1 and 18:2; the 18:1 decreased with increasing dietary K-diformate level. The major fatty acids of polar lipid of muscle of cobia were 13:0, 16:0, 18:1 and 22:6n-3. The neutral lipid of liver of cobia fed diets containing K-diformate had high concentration of 18:1 and 20:5n-3 . The 22:6n-3 of polar lipid of liver of cobia were increased with increasing dietary K-diformate level.
In the second trial, triplicate groups of cobia (28±1g initial body weight) were fed diets including four supplemental K-diformate levels ( 0, 3, 6 and 9 g/kg) . Fish meal was used as a dietary protein and the mixture of 2:1 cod liver oil/corn oil used as a dietary lipid. No significant differences were found among the weight gain and survival of cobia fed different experimental diets in the 4-week feeding period. However, cobia fed a diet containing 3 g/kg K-diformate had the best weight gain (110 %) . The moisture, ash, crude protein and crude lipid content of cobia muscle were no significant difference among all treatments, but the crude lipid of liver of cobia was increased with increasing dietary K-diformate level.
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of K-diformate on the weight gain, survival and chemical compositions of muscle and hepatopancreas of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei.
In the first trial, triplicate groups of white shrimp (0.018±0.001g initial body weight) were fed diets containing four supplemental K-diformate levels (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/kg). Fish meal was used as a dietary protein and mixture of 2:1 cod liver oil/corn oil used as a dietary lipid. White shrimp fed diets containing 0.5, 1, 1.5 g/kg K-diformate had significantly higher weight gain than the diet without K-diformate supplemented in the 9-week feeding period. Survival of white shrimp fed the diets containing 0.5, 1, 1.5 g/kg K-diformate were above 90%. The moisture, ash, crude protein and crude lipid content of white shrimp muscle were not significant difference among all treatments.
In the second trial, triplicate groups of white shrimp (0.007±0g initial body weight) were fed diets containing four supplemental K-diformate levels (0, 3, 6 and 9 g/kg). No significant differences were found among the weight gain of white shrimp fed different experimental diets in the 6-week feeding period. However, white shrimp fed a diet containing 6 g/kg K-diformate had the highest weight gain. Survival of white shrimp fed treatment groups were above 90%. The moisture, ash, crude protein and crude lipid content of white shrimp muscle were not significant difference among all treatments. The neutral lipid of muscle of white shrimp contained high levels of 13:0, 16:0 and 18:2 in experiment 1 and 2. The 20:5n-3(EPA) and 22:6n-3(DHA) levels of neutral lipid of muscle of white shrimp were increased with increasing dietary K-diformate level in experiment 1 and 2. The major fatty acids of polar lipid of muscle of white shrimp were 16:0, 18:1, EPA and DHA in experiment 1 and 2. The neutral lipid of hepatopancreas of white shrimp contained high levels of 13:0, 16:0, 18:1 and 18:2 in experiment 1and 2. However, polar lipid of hepatopancreas of white shrimp contained high levels of 13:0, 16:0 and 18:1 in experiment 1 and 2. The EPA and DHA levels of polar lipid of hepatopancreas of white shrimp were increased with increasing dietary K-diformate level in experiment 1 and 2.
To reconfirm the result of the second trial, triplicate groups of white shrimp (0.006±0.001g initial body weight) were also fed diets containing four supplemental K-diformate levels (0, 3, 6 and 9 g/kg). There were not significant differences among the weight gain of white shrimp fed different experimental diets in the 9-week feeding period. However white shrimp fed a diet containing 3 g/kg K-diformate had the highest weight gain. Survival of white shrimp fed the diets containing 0 and 3g/kg K-diformate were above 90%. The moisture, ash, crude protein and crude lipid content of white shrimp muscle were not significant difference among all treatments.
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