| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 國際政治研究所 === 92 === There are many types of games, such as chess games, ball games, race games, and so on. The players of games always won over another by intelligence not by force. Most games include four characteristics. Firstly, the game has a rule and the players must obey it. Secondly, we usually classified player as a winner, loser or draw and the payoff of players must be defined. Third, the strategy of players was very important and the fourth, their strategy and payoff were dependence. Therefore, this paper would try to introduce game theory into international politics.
International politics cared about ‘absolute gains,’ ‘relative gains,’ ‘priority of state goals,’ ‘structure of power,’ ‘self－help systems,’ ‘international regimes’ and ‘prisoner’s dilemma.’ All of them contained concepts of ‘rationality’ and ‘preference ordering.’ According to these concepts and principles, states need both cooperation and discord to get the strongest preference, and need strategy to gain the best outcomes in international politics. In 1994, John Nash, Reinhardt Selten and John Harsanyi received a Nobel Prize for economics. Since that time, game theory has changed one of most important model for economics studies.
Not only was game theory for economics study but also for international politics research, because it could provide a mathematical logic for international politic economics. For example, game theory would provide utility function to get a solution of ‘Bayesian perfect equilibrium.’ In other word, this paper would construct ‘two-players asymmetric information dynamic game modeling,’ applying probability and expected values, in strategy for diplomatic policy. If the modeling could be applied in U.S.A., the other sovereign states would also utilize the modeling for their strategy choosing. At last, in order to approve the modeling, this paper selected an issue of intellectual property right between U.S.A. and China.
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