| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 畜產學系 === 92 === The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing the incidence of angel (twisted) wings (IAW) in geese. Trial 1 was observing the morphologies of body and bones of twisted wings in White Roman goose. The twisted wings were characterized in that they were rotated outward away from body laterals at the carpometacarpus from the joint between the third and fourth metacarpals all the way down to the end of the wing. Abnormal ligaments at carpal joint might be attributed to the twisted wings according to radiographs (X-ray).
Comparisons were conducted in trial 2 in contents of Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn in primary wing feathers, serum, radial and ulna between normal and twisted wings in White Roman geese at age of 14 wk. Zinc content in primary wing feathers was higher of normal wings than that of twisted wings (101 vs 84.5 μg/mL, P < 0.05). Fe content in radial was lower of normal wings than that of twisted wings (46.3 vs 60.3 μg/mL, P < 0.05).
Progenies from parents with twisted wing(s) had higher IAW than those from parents with normal wings (40.6% vs 19.7% at 8 wk-old, 47.5% vs 29.4% at 14 wk-old; P < 0.01) in White Roman geese in trial 3. Female progenies had higher IAW than did males (42.9% vs. 28.8%, P < 0.05).
Trial 4 was designed to investigate whether flock density, feeding regime and breed exerting certain effects on growth performance、IAW and serum concentrations of Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn in gosling during 3 to 6 wk-old. A 4 × 2 factorial design was used in which four flock densities (8, 12, 16 and 20 geese/pen of 12.3m2) and two feeding regimes, fed with starter (20% CP, 2,900 kcal ME/kg) during 0 to 3 wk (FR03) or 0 to 5 wk (FR05) followed with grower (15% CP, 3,000 kcal ME/kg ) thereafter.There were two replicates for each treatment. The results showed that the geese in FR05 had better feed efficiency than did those in FR03 (P < 0.05). Flock densities of 8 and 16 birds/pen had better feed efficiency than did those of 12 and 20 birds/pen (P < 0.01). The growth of primary wing feathers in flock densities of 8 and 12 birds/pen was faster than was those in flock densities of 16 and 20 birds/pen (P < 0.01), and was faster in FR05 than was in FR03 (P < 0.05). The overall average of IAW was 8.7%. There were no significant differences of IAW among the flock densities and between the feeding regimes. The IAW was higher in White Chinese goose (13.6%) than in White Roman goose (6.9%) (P< 0.05). There were no significant differences in contents of serum Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn between normal- and twisted-wing geese at ages of 5 and 7 wk. It may be concluded that twisted wing in geese may be attributable to the abnormalities of ligaments at carpal joint, may have higher content of Zn in primary wing feathers, and may have lower content of Fe in radial. Inheritance, breed and gender do contribute to IAW in White Roman geese. Flock density and feeding regime exert no effect on twisted wing incidence.
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