台灣長期失業問題與就業政策之初探

• Main Author: 劉文浩
• Other Authors: 周玟琪
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2004
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68303617198796355357

碩士 === 國立中正大學 === 勞工研究所 === 92 === Taiwan’s unemployment rate has broken through 2 percent since 1996. In other words, unemployment has been a heavy burden to our government. Moreover, unemployment rate continuously went up and long-term unemployment emerged gradually from 1999. In the beginning, this study uses secondary analysis of surveys. In addition, the data origins from the original statistic data file of Manpower Survey and Manpower Utilization which Survey Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting & Statistics made during the year 1990 to the year 2002. Also, the author uses descriptive statistics to get to know the characteristic, component, passage and trend of Taiwan’s long-term unemployment. Secondly, this study makes use of Document Analysis approach. In other words, the author compiles and organizes all relevant literature from the internal and the external to understand the different employment policies and programs towards long-term unemployment in the western countries and in Taiwan. According to the data above, the author concludes that the population of long-term unemployment in Taiwan has risen dramatically in recent years. In 1990, the population of long-term unemployment in Taiwan is about 9,013. However, it grows up to 105,506 in 2002. In fact, the population of long-term unemployment in Taiwan has grown 11.7 times in these twelve years. Furthermore, the increase of Taiwan’s long-term unemployment has mainly concentrated on male, half-educated people, married people, people who reach middle age or old age, involuntary unemployment and blue-collar workers in industrial departments for recent years. Through reviewing foreign literature in this field, the authors generalizes that European countries has begun to face the problem of long-term unemployment since 1970 and they also have accumulated near thirty-year experience regarding labor policy. As a matter of fact, the employment policies for most European countries belonged to supply-side-oriented approaches of labor market policies. In other words, the goal of those policies was to strengthen the employability of those people who suffered from long-term unemployment. On the perspective of job creation programs, those programs primarily laid stress on creating local job opportunities. Besides, those programs offered job opportunities to the people who had difficulties to find job, such as half-educated people, people on the middle or old age, etc. In addition, most countries began to put emphasis on the employment counseling for people who suffered from long-term unemployment. Moreover, they provided jobless people with personalized service. Sine 1998, Britain government began to execute the project called “New Deal for Long Term Unemployed” towards long-term unemployed persons of 25 and above 25. Also, statistical data indicated that this policy indeed producing the intended effect on long-term unemployment. According to the findings of this study, the author makes a draft proposal of Taiwan’s long-term unemployment policy. The primary suggestions are as follows: 1. Design employment service process especially for long-term unemployed persons and make the relevant employment policy and plan. 2. Distribute public resource efficiently and enable long-term unemployed persons to obtain enough assistance. 3. Offer unemployment assistance to assure that long-term unemployed persons and their families can live at subsistence level. This suggestion presupposes that re-employment.