| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立陽明大學 === 環境衛生研究所 === 91 === Abstract
This study focused on exposure assessment for farmers during spraying pesticides. It was conducted by both personal and environmental air sampling when farmers was spraying pesticides to guavas and grapefruits trees. Four pesticides were analyzed in this study, including methomyl, dimethoate, fenthion, and ethion.
The OVS-2 sampling tubes, containing XAD-2 resins, were used for air samplings. Sixty samples were collected in the study, including 16 personal samples and 44 environmental samples. After sampling, the tubes were added by 2mL of acetone 10% (v/v) in toluene and then extracted for 30 minutes, the upper layer was analyzed by GC/MS.
In the 16 personal air sampling samples, only ethion and fenthion can be detected. There were 37.5% and 21.43% detectable for ethion and fenthion. The respective concentrations were 2.33±0.83 μg/m3 and 22.67±16.54 μg/m3. In the 32 environmental samples, the detectable percentage were 75%, 100%, 40% and 26.67% for methomyl, dimethoate, fenthion and ethion. Their concentrations were 11.38±11.95 μg/m3, 15.48±12.82 μg/m3, 2.90±2.19 μg/m3 and 9.02±1.07 μg/m3, respectively. The range of recovery for the four pesticides was within 100-110%. The linear ranges for ethion were from 0.061 to 3.05μg/mL, fenthion were from 0.3125 to 6.25μg/mL, methomyl were from 3.125 to 50μg/mL and dimethoate were from 0.175 to 3.5μg/mL. The detection limit of airborne methomyl, dimethoate, fenthion, and ethion were 1.54μg/m3, 0.039μg/m3, 0.0098μg/m3 and 0.018μg/m3, respectively. The concentrations of personal and environmental samples were all lower than the levels of ACGIH’s TLV-TWA.
Although the pesticide spraying is not an eight-hour full shift operation and the air concentrations are not high enough, the skin absorption should be taken into consideration. Per personal protection, gloves, clothes, and shoes is suggested to wear. Biological monitoring is also recommended for pesticide-spraying farmers.
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