| Summary: | 碩士 === 淡江大學 === 俄羅斯研究所 === 91 === The agriculture and problem of the land has been an important subject in Russia. People have many doubts about the agriculture of Russia, because Russia has abundant resource of the agriculture, owns the most vast land in the world, but in the 90's it became the biggest food imports country in the world. Russia’s commune and serf's system, collective farm and state farm which is created by Lenin and Stalin, all produce profound influence to Russia’s agriculture and land. Although collective farm and state farm has ever made the agriculture of the Soviets send out the ray of light, when the Soviets entered peace built the period, the agriculture and land of Russia gradually appeared many problems, this system also became one of the reason to caused the problems. In fact, all leaders of Russia tried to reform agriculture and land problem, but they didn’t success, agriculture is still a big problem of Russia.The purpose of this thesis is attempting to analyze the history of Russia’s peasant and land, including Russian problem of the “Mir”, “serf’s system”, the serf relieves and Stolypin’s reform. “Mir” was the village’s type of Russia, this special type produced serf’s system, and Stolypin’s reform establish new production relationship for Russian village. Then author will focus on the agriculture reform in Soviets period, the communism of the wartime, new economic policy and exercise of the collectivization of agriculture, and the agriculture reform in the period of “perestroika”.After the collapsed of Soviets, the problem of the agriculture become a very serious problem of Russia, domestic yield of the long-term is not enough, most food of Russia must import from abroad, so Russia started to reform collective farm and state farm, changed the production mode of whole village, and promoted the land reform, passing new law of land. Through the research of the reform of agriculture in Soviets and Russia, this thesis attempts to analyze the development of Russia’s agriculture in the future.
|
|---|
