| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 動物學研究所 === 91 === Abstract
The study in species composition and life history are essential in the fish resources management and conservation. However, these studies are lacking in the coral reef fish in the adjacent waters of Taiwan. To understand the species composition and distribution pattern and early life history of the coral reef fishes, specimens were collected with light traps in Yehliu, Suao and Kenting in Taiwan from Feb. 2001 through Mar. 2002.
A total of 8470 larvae and juveniles representing 71 families, and 179 species were identified with both morphology and mtDNA seqencing. Gobiidae, Tripterygiidae, Pomacentridae, Apogonidae and Schindleriidae were the most dominant families in the collection. The abundances, species richness and diversities of larval and juvenile fishes were correlated with offshore distance, season and were significantly different between northern and southern Taiwan. The abundance reached a peak in the April in the north, but fluctuated in the south. The species richness and diversity reached the highest in the April in the north but in the September in the south. Value of diversity index was higher at Kenting than that at Yehliu and Suao.
Eight species of larval apogonids were identified by both morphological classification and the sequence of mtDNA 12S rRNA with the comparison of the sequence of 45 adults of known species. Among the 8 species, Apogon doryssa was used as a model to study the early life history and recruitment dynamics of apogonids. Hatching date and growth history of the larval Apogon doryssa were estimated from otolith daily growth increments and collecting date. And the environment factors in relation to their early life history and recruitment mechanism were analyzed.
The total length of Apogon doryssa ranged from 8.7-15.2 mm (n = 68) with mean daily age of 23.7 ± 3.7 days (n=53). Somatic and otolith growth rates increased from northern through southern Taiwan. Somatic growth of the larvae from Yehliu was abnormal, which was revealed from the uncoupling between otolith and somatic growth. The otolith growth rate of the larval Apogon doryssa was slow down at late pelagic larval stage, indicating that the larvae have fully grown and prepared to be juvenile stage and settle down. Hatching dates and growth rates of the larvae were earlier and faster in the south than north which may be due to the water temperature was higher in north than south in Taiwan.
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