| Summary: | 碩士 === 臺南師範學院 === 鄉土文化研究所 === 91 === This article selected the central area of Liu Du as its research field, including Chung Du，Hou Du and Chien Du, and it Sampled fifty Hakka couples to interview by implementing a Snowball Sampling method during the period from 1941 to the present. Through the results of surveys, this article modeled a generalized phenomenon of a conventional wedding ceremony corresponding to socioeconomic background, and divided the period into four sub-periods. This article took time as the ordinate axis and investigated the wedding ceremony and instruments across history. Based on the conventional wedding model, we tried to observe the veins of change and analysis the cultural significance.
A Hakka conventional wedding included five processes which were proposal, betrothal, scheduling, escort and receive, and the first visit to the bride''s parent''s home. According to the surveys, the wedding ceremony during the first sub-period (1941~1956) is simple but traditional because of political, economic and social instability. The second sub-period (1956~1971) is excessive but still conservative because of the stability of the economy. The third sub-period (1971~1986) changes dramatically because of the development of the economy, change of social structure, and influence from western culture. It happens that many more young people own the autonomy transition from the old to the new. The fourth sub-period tends to be simple and fast because of the democratization of politics and the liberation of society. In this sub-period, only betrothal and marriage remain. Most young people pay little attention to the cultural significance of weddings.
The significances are always closely related to expections of childbirth, satisfaction, longevity, wealth and high position, and glory, whilst they forward a message of persuit of happiness and well-being by using analogy of rites and instruments. Observing the change of Pingdong Hakka wedding ceremony from 1941till 2001, we find that it is related to politics, economy, society, culture, personal thoughts, etc. The whole changes included dominance of marriage is descending, the choice of spouse tends to taking the initiative, the purposes of marriages change, the institution of mathmakers decline, wedding ceremonies are simplified and those significance disappear gradually. Today, Hakka ceremonies have developed other models adapt to the present age, based on conventional ceremonies.It''s concerned that the death of the older generations and disappearance of cultural significance would force Hakka wedding culture to collapse. Therefore, It is an important issue in the future to let the younger generation understand the cultural significance of Hakka traditional wedding ceremonies.
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