| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立台北護理學院 === 醫護管理研究所 === 91 === This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the group structures (group size, cooperation norms, task norms, and task cohesion) and the group effectiveness of the quality circles of hospitals in Taipei area. The research instruments included well-validated scales used to measure group cooperation norms, group task norms, group task cohesion, and group effectiveness.
Two hundred and sixty-three quality circle groups with 1914 individuals from 16 out of 19 hospitals in Taipei area (86.8%). The unit for analysis was the quality circle group. The aggregated individual-level data in a single group were used as the representative values of the group. All the group-level parameters were analyzed based on the aggregated data. Data were aggregated on each variable to the work group level. Results of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) , Eta-squared (η2), and one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) showed that aggregated individual-level data were capable of representing the group level data.
Multiple regression analysis was adopted to test four hypotheses. That group with higher levels of cooperation norms (β = .33, p = .0001), task norms (β = .21, p = .002), task cohesion (β = .26, p = .0002) has greater feeling of group effectiveness perceived by members. In spite of the group size was not considerably associated with group effectiveness (β = -.07, p = .14), the cooperation norms, task norms, and task cohesion accounted for 51% of variance the group effectiveness.
It was concluded that the group members having better feeling of cooperation norms, task norms, and task cohesion demonstrated the better group effectiveness. To improve the performance of group, the strategies for building group norms and creating a cohesion culture should be taken by the organization.
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