| Summary: | 碩士 === 國防管理學院 === 國防決策科學研究所 === 91 === This research is based on the theory of“balance of power”.After the second world war, especially during the period, the end of “Cold War Era”and the beginning of“Post-Cold War Era”, the thirteen years from 1979 to 1991,this research is observing that Soviet Union, the largest boundary country of the world, play an key role of balancing the east and west side of the two big camps. However, at the end of 1991, Soviet Union suddenly broke down, it was meant the end of Communism. And it also alters the international power and order. The world has become multi-power of one single system from that moment and the two country power system has collapsed.
Reviewing this period, under the trial of alternating by force with the outer surrounding（The surround of American’s strategy keeps on pushing）and the inner dangerous political and economy situation, Nation defense policy of Soviet Union had made a lot of pressure on itself. The policy actively or passive had made Soviet Union to find the balance of power. During the fully application of the theory, apparently it brings the load of military affording that is on the wane on Soviet Union. Finally it will bury the Soviet Union. This is enough to explain that any strongest power should get the balance between the National defense policy and the committed economy ability that can maintain this policy, or it will not be afforded.
The result of America and Soviet Union’s, this two strong military country, competition is that America stand erect and the opponent Soviet Union can not continue to afford the load of the over-expansion empire. So it declines before American. This gives us a very meaningful explanation. If the military concept can be considered these factors that are between the country benefits, the country security, the economy ability and the international relationship, timely altering under the surrounding, producing the reasoning military need, and making efficiently resource arrangement, the concept will complete the military ambition more efficient.
Deeply it is seen that the influences between the difficulty of Soviet Union’s economy development and the transformation of Soviet Union’s national defense power are to the world main strong power. It can be understood deeply that these transformations are based on the theory of Soviet Union tradition that “The authority origins in strong power”. The most concerning focus of this research is on the relative questions between these military theories and international security. This research attempts to propose some views and becomes the foundation of advanced analysis.
The main abstract of this research:
1.The foundation of Soviet Union’s military theory:
The Soviet Union’s military strategy is that it is emphasized “Defense is more important than Attack”in military theory. But it is publicized“Attack is more important than Defense”in military practical strategy. The foundation of military theory is built on Marxism and it origins from the puzzle of power.
2. The Soviet Union’s national defense policy and organization:
Soviet Union wants to maintain national’s defense power under the difficulty economy system. The strategy must change defense to attack. The national defense policy and organization must have altered to strategy defense.
3.The transformation of Soviet Union to world threat:
Because of the division of Soviet Union, the military structure and national defense power have changed with the dismiss of WTO. On the hand, Soviet Union withdraws Europe region’s military competition. On the other hand, NATO also eliminates its traditional imaginary opponent and change the military ambition to “The group security defense”. So Soviet Union’s military attempt and national defense power have no longer threaten to The World and it will effect the now world deep and far.
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